JEE MAIN - Mathematics (2025 - 7th April Evening Shift - No. 4)
Explanation
Sum of n terms of an AP ($S_n$): $$S_n = \frac{n}{2} [2a + (n-1)d]$$ where 'a' is the first term and 'd' is the common difference.
nth term of an AP ($a_n$): $$a_n = a + (n-1)d$$
Given Information:
$S_n = 700$ (The sum of the first n terms is 700)
$a_6 = 7$ (The 6th term is 7)
$S_7 = 7$ (The sum of the first 7 terms is 7)
Steps to Solve:
Use $S_7$ to find a relationship between 'a' and 'd':
$$S_7 = \frac{7}{2} [2a + (7-1)d] = 7$$
$$\frac{7}{2} [2a + 6d] = 7$$
$$2a + 6d = 2$$
$$a + 3d = 1$$ (Equation 1)
Use $a_6$ to find another relationship between 'a' and 'd':
$$a_6 = a + (6-1)d = 7$$
$$a + 5d = 7$$ (Equation 2)
Solve the system of equations (Equation 1 and Equation 2) to find 'a' and 'd':
Subtract Equation 1 from Equation 2:
$$(a + 5d) - (a + 3d) = 7 - 1$$
$$2d = 6$$
$$d = 3$$
Substitute d = 3 into Equation 1:
$$a + 3(3) = 1$$
$$a + 9 = 1$$
$$a = -8$$
Find 'n' using $S_n = 700$:
$$S_n = \frac{n}{2} [2a + (n-1)d] = 700$$
$$\frac{n}{2} [2(-8) + (n-1)(3)] = 700$$
$$n[-16 + 3n - 3] = 1400$$
$$n[3n - 19] = 1400$$
$$3n^2 - 19n - 1400 = 0$$
Solve the quadratic equation for 'n':
We can use the quadratic formula: $$n = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}$$
$$n = \frac{19 \pm \sqrt{(-19)^2 - 4(3)(-1400)}}{2(3)}$$
$$n = \frac{19 \pm \sqrt{361 + 16800}}{6}$$
$$n = \frac{19 \pm \sqrt{17161}}{6}$$
$$n = \frac{19 \pm 131}{6}$$
We have two possible values for n:
$$n = \frac{19 + 131}{6} = \frac{150}{6} = 25$$
$$n = \frac{19 - 131}{6} = \frac{-112}{6} = -\frac{56}{3}$$ (Since 'n' must be a positive integer, we discard this solution)
So, $$n = 25$$
Find $a_n$ (which is $a_{25}$):
$$a_{25} = a + (25-1)d$$
$$a_{25} = -8 + (24)(3)$$
$$a_{25} = -8 + 72$$
$$a_{25} = 64$$
Therefore, $a_n = 64$. The correct answer is Option D.
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