JEE MAIN - Mathematics (2020 - 6th September Morning Slot - No. 15)

Out of 11 consecutive natural numbers if three numbers are selected at random (without repetition), then the probability that they are in A.P. with positive common difference, is :
$${{10} \over {99}}$$
$${{5} \over {33}}$$
$${{15} \over {101}}$$
$${{5} \over {101}}$$

Explanation

Out of 11 consecutive natural numbers either 6 even and 5 odd numbers or 5 even and 6 odd numbers.

Let, E = Even
O = Odd

Case-1 :

E, O, E, O, E, O, E, O, E, O, E

2b = a + c $$ \Rightarrow $$ Even

$$ \Rightarrow $$ Both a and c should be either even or odd.

P = $${{{}^6{C_2} + {}^5{C_2}} \over {{}^{11}{C_3}}}$$ = $${5 \over {33}}$$

Case -2 :

O, E, O, E, O, E, O, E, O, E, O

P = $${{{}^5{C_2} + {}^6{C_2}} \over {{}^{11}{C_3}}}$$ = $${5 \over {33}}$$

Total probability = $${1 \over 2} \times {5 \over {33}}$$ + $${1 \over 2} \times {5 \over {33}}$$ = $${5 \over {33}}$$

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