JEE MAIN - Mathematics (2019 - 9th January Morning Slot - No. 16)
Let f : R $$ \to $$ R be a function defined as
$$f(x) = \left\{ {\matrix{ 5 & ; & {x \le 1} \cr {a + bx} & ; & {1 < x < 3} \cr {b + 5x} & ; & {3 \le x < 5} \cr {30} & ; & {x \ge 5} \cr } } \right.$$
Then, f is
$$f(x) = \left\{ {\matrix{ 5 & ; & {x \le 1} \cr {a + bx} & ; & {1 < x < 3} \cr {b + 5x} & ; & {3 \le x < 5} \cr {30} & ; & {x \ge 5} \cr } } \right.$$
Then, f is
continuous if a = 0 and b = 5
continuous if a = –5 and b = 10
continuous if a = 5 and b = 5
not continuous for any values of a and b
Explanation
Checking
if f(x) is continuous at x = 1 :
f(1$$-$$) = 5
f(1) = 5
f(1+) = a + b
if f(x) is continuous at x = 1,
then
f(1$$-$$) = f(1) = f(1+)
$$ \Rightarrow $$ 5 = 5 = a + b
$$ \therefore $$ a + b = 5 . . . . . . . . (1)
checking if f(x) is continuous at x = 3 :
f(3$$-$$) = a + 3b
f(3) = b + 15
f(3+) = b + 15
if f(x) = is continuous at x = 3
then,
f(3$$-$$) = f(3) = f(3+)
$$ \Rightarrow $$ a + 3b = b + 15 = b + 15
$$ \Rightarrow $$ a + 2b = 15 . . . . . (2)
checking if f(x) is continuous at x = 5 :
f(5$$-$$) = b + 25
f(5) = 30
f(5+) = 30
if f(x) is continuous at x = 5 then,
f(5$$-$$) = f(5) = f(5+)
$$ \Rightarrow $$ b + 25 = 30 = 30
$$ \Rightarrow $$ b = 5
By putting this value in equation (2), we get,
a + 2(5) = 15
$$ \Rightarrow $$ a = 5
when a = 5 and b = 5 then equation (1)
a + b = 5 does not satisfy.
$$ \therefore $$ f is not continuous for any value of a and b.
if f(x) is continuous at x = 1 :
f(1$$-$$) = 5
f(1) = 5
f(1+) = a + b
if f(x) is continuous at x = 1,
then
f(1$$-$$) = f(1) = f(1+)
$$ \Rightarrow $$ 5 = 5 = a + b
$$ \therefore $$ a + b = 5 . . . . . . . . (1)
checking if f(x) is continuous at x = 3 :
f(3$$-$$) = a + 3b
f(3) = b + 15
f(3+) = b + 15
if f(x) = is continuous at x = 3
then,
f(3$$-$$) = f(3) = f(3+)
$$ \Rightarrow $$ a + 3b = b + 15 = b + 15
$$ \Rightarrow $$ a + 2b = 15 . . . . . (2)
checking if f(x) is continuous at x = 5 :
f(5$$-$$) = b + 25
f(5) = 30
f(5+) = 30
if f(x) is continuous at x = 5 then,
f(5$$-$$) = f(5) = f(5+)
$$ \Rightarrow $$ b + 25 = 30 = 30
$$ \Rightarrow $$ b = 5
By putting this value in equation (2), we get,
a + 2(5) = 15
$$ \Rightarrow $$ a = 5
when a = 5 and b = 5 then equation (1)
a + b = 5 does not satisfy.
$$ \therefore $$ f is not continuous for any value of a and b.
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