JEE MAIN - Mathematics (2014 (Offline) - No. 11)
Let $$A$$ and $$B$$ be two events such that $$P\left( {\overline {A \cup B} } \right) = {1 \over 6},\,P\left( { {A \cap B} } \right) = {1 \over 4}$$ and $$P\left( {\overline A } \right) = {1 \over 4},$$ where $$\overline A $$ stands for the complement of the event $$A$$. Then the events $$A$$ and $$B$$ are :
independent but not equally likely.
independent and equally likely.
mutually exclusive and independent.
equally likely but not independent.
Explanation
$$P(\overline {A \cup B} ) = {1 \over 6}$$
or, $$1 - P(A \cup B) = {1 \over 6}$$
$$\therefore$$ $$P(A \cup B) = 1 - {1 \over 6} = {5 \over 6};$$ $$P(A \cap B) = {1 \over 4}$$; and $$P(\overline A ) = {1 \over 4};$$
$$\therefore$$ $$P(A) = 1 - P(\overline A ) = 1 - {1 \over 4} = {3 \over 4}$$
We know, $$P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)$$
or, $${5 \over 6} = {3 \over 4} + P(B) - {1 \over 4}$$
or, $$P(B) = {5 \over 6} - {1 \over 2} = {1 \over 3}$$
Now, $$P(A)\,.\,P(B) = {3 \over 4}.\,{1 \over 3} = {1 \over 4} = P(A \cap B)$$
i.e., events A and B are mutually independent.
Since the probability of A and B are different, so they are not equally likely events.
Therefore, (A) is the correct option.
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