JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2025 - 7th April Evening Shift - No. 22)
Butane reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water following the equation given below.
$$ \mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10}(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{13}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow 4 \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+5 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) $$
If 174.0 kg of butane is mixed with 320.0 kg of $\mathrm{O}_2$, the volume of water formed in liters is
_____________. (Nearest integer)
[Given : (a) Molar mass of C, H, O are $12,1,16 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ respectively, (b) Density of water $\left.=1 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mL}^{-1}\right]$
Explanation
The chemical reaction between butane ($\mathrm{C}_4\mathrm{H}_{10}$) and oxygen ($\mathrm{O}_2$) to produce carbon dioxide ($\mathrm{CO}_2$) and water ($\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$) can be represented by the following equation:
$ \mathrm{C}_4\mathrm{H}_{10}(\mathrm{g}) + \frac{13}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow 4 \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{g}) + 5 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) $
Given that we have 174.0 kg of butane and 320.0 kg of oxygen, we are tasked with calculating the volume of water produced in liters.
Mole Calculation for Water:
The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that 5 moles of water are produced per 13/2 moles of oxygen.
Using the moles of oxygen available from input, calculate the moles of water produced:
$ \text{Moles of } \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} = 5 \times \frac{2}{13} \times (10 \times 10^3) $
Mass of Water Produced:
Calculate the mass of water using the molar mass of water (18 g/mol):
$ \text{Mass of } \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} = \left(\frac{10^5}{13}\right) \times 18 $
The result will be:
$ = 1.3846 \times 10^5 \ \text{g} $
Volume of Water:
Convert the mass of water to volume, considering the density of water is $1 \ \text{g/mL}$ (or $1 \ \text{g/L}$):
$ \text{Volume of } \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} = 138.46 \ \text{liters} $
Therefore, the volume of water formed is approximately 138 liters when rounded to the nearest integer.
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