JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2025 - 4th April Evening Shift - No. 15)

Consider the given data :

(a) $\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{g})+10 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCl} .10 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \Delta \mathrm{H}=-69.01 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

(b) $\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{g})+40 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCl} .40 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \Delta \mathrm{H}=-72.79 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

Choose the correct statement :

The heat of dilution for the $\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{HCl} .10 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right.$ to $\left.\mathrm{HCl} .40 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)$ is $3.78 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$.
Dissolution of gas in water is an endothermic process.
The heat of solution depends on the amount of solvent.
The heat of formation of HCl solution is represented by both (a) and (b).

Explanation

From the given information

$\Delta \mathrm{H}$ is negative so it means dissolution of gas $\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{g})$ is exothermic.

$$\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{~g})+10 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCl} .10 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\quad\text{..... (1)}$$

$$\begin{aligned} & \Delta \mathrm{H}_1=-69.01 \frac{\mathrm{~kJ}}{\mathrm{~mol}} \\ & \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{~g})+40 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCl} .40 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\quad\text{..... (2)} \end{aligned}$$

$$\Delta \mathrm{H}_2=-72.79 \frac{\mathrm{~kJ}}{\mathrm{~mol}}$$

Hence heat of solution depends upon amount of solvent

By equation ............. (2) $-$ equation ........... (1)

$$\mathrm{HCl} .10 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+30 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCl} .40 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$$

So Heat of dilution $=-72.79-(-69.01)$

$$=-3.78 \frac{\mathrm{~kJ}}{\mathrm{~mol}}$$

Hence option (3) is incorrect.

For heat of formation reactant should be in elemental form hence option (4) is incorrect

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