JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2025 - 3rd April Morning Shift - No. 15)

The metal ions that have the calculated spin-only magnetic moment value of 4.9 B.M. are :

A. $\mathrm{Cr}^{2+}$

B. $\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$

C. $\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}$

D. $\mathrm{Co}^{2+}$

E. $\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A, D and E Only
A, B and E Only
A, C and E Only
B and E Only

Explanation

To determine which metal ions have a calculated spin-only magnetic moment of 4.9 Bohr Magnetons (B.M.), we can use the formula:

$ \text{Magnetic Moment (M.M)} = \sqrt{n(n+2)} \, \text{B.M.} $

where $ n $ is the number of unpaired electrons.

Given that the magnetic moment is 4.9 B.M., we can set up the equation:

$ 4.9 = \sqrt{n(n+2)} $

Solving this equation, we find that $ n = 4 $.

Let's analyze each metal ion:

(A) ${}_{24} \mathrm{Cr}^{2+}$: Electronic configuration: $[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^4$. This ion has 4 unpaired electrons.

(B) ${}_{26} \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$: Electronic configuration: $[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^6$. This ion also has 4 unpaired electrons.

(C) ${}_{26} \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}$: Electronic configuration: $[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^5$. This ion has 5 unpaired electrons, which does not match the required $ n $ value of 4.

(D) ${}_{27} \mathrm{Co}^{2+}$: Electronic configuration: $[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^7$. This ion has 3 unpaired electrons.

(E) ${}_{25} \mathrm{Mn}^{3+}$: Electronic configuration: $[\mathrm{Ar}] 3d^4$. This ion has 4 unpaired electrons.

Based on the number of unpaired electrons, the metal ions with a spin-only magnetic moment of approximately 4.9 B.M. are $\mathrm{Cr}^{2+}$, $\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$, and $\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}$.

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