JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2025 - 2nd April Evening Shift - No. 16)
' $x$ ' g of NaCl is added to water in a beaker with a lid. The temperature of the system is raised from $1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Which out of the following plots, is best suited for the change in the molarity $(\mathrm{M})$ of the solution with respect to temperature ?
[Consider the solubility of NaCl remains unchanged over the temperature range]
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Explanation
When $x$ grams of NaCl are added to water in a beaker and the temperature is increased from $1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, the molarity of the solution changes due to the volumetric changes of water.
Temperature from $1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$:
Water is densest at $4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
As the temperature increases from $1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, the water volume decreases due to increased density.
This decrease in volume results in an increase in molarity because molarity is inversely proportional to the solution's volume.
Temperature from $4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$:
Beyond $4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, water expands with an increase in temperature.
Therefore, as temperature rises to $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, the volume of the water increases.
The dilution leads to a decrease in molarity, since molarity is inversely proportional to volume.
Thus, the molarity first increases as temperature rises to $4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, but then decreases as it continues to $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The graphical representation of this relationship would exhibit an initial increase in molarity, followed by a decrease, correlating with changes in the volume of water due to temperature variations.
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