JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2024 - 5th April Morning Shift - No. 9)

Number of $$\sigma$$ and $$\pi$$ bonds present in ethylene molecule is respectively :
3 and 1
5 and 1
4 and 1
5 and 2

Explanation

Let's analyze the bond structure in an ethylene molecule (C2H4) to determine the count of $$\sigma$$ and $$\pi$$ bonds.

Ethylene consists of two carbon atoms double-bonded to each other, with each carbon atom also bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Each single bond is a $$\sigma$$ bond. The double bond between the carbon atoms is made up of one $$\sigma$$ bond and one $$\pi$$ bond. Here's how the bonds break down:

  1. Each carbon-hydrogen bond is a $$\sigma$$ bond. Since there are four C-H bonds, we have 4 $$\sigma$$ bonds from C-H bonding.
  2. The carbon-carbon double bond consists of one $$\sigma$$ bond and one $$\pi$$ bond. Thus, we have 1 additional $$\sigma$$ bond from the C=C double bond.
  3. Total $$\sigma$$ bonds = 4 (from C-H) + 1 (from C=C) = 5.
  4. There is 1 $$\pi$$ bond present in the carbon-carbon double bond.

Therefore, the correct option is:

Option B: 5 and 1

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