JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2024 - 5th April Evening Shift - No. 11)
The correct statements from the following are :
(A) The decreasing order of atomic radii of group 13 elements is $$\mathrm{Tl}>\mathrm{In}>\mathrm{Ga}>\mathrm{Al}>\mathrm{B}$$.
(B) Down the group 13 electronegativity decreases from top to bottom.
(C) $$\mathrm{Al}$$ dissolves in dil. $$\mathrm{HCl}$$ and liberates $$\mathrm{H}_2$$ but conc. $$\mathrm{HNO}_3$$ renders $$\mathrm{Al}$$ passive by forming a protective oxide layer on the surface.
(D) All elements of group 13 exhibits highly stable +1 oxidation state.
(E) Hybridisation of $$\mathrm{Al}$$ in $$[\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O})_6]^{3+}$$ ion is $$\mathrm{sp}^3 \mathrm{d}^2$$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Explanation
(A) Group-13 size : $$\mathrm{B}<\mathrm{Ga}<\mathrm{Al}<\mathrm{In} \simeq$$ $$\mathrm{TI}$$
(B) In Group-13, Al has exceptional lower EN
$$\mathrm{EN}: \mathrm{B}>\mathrm{TI}>\mathrm{In}>\mathrm{Ga}>\mathrm{Al}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \text{(C)} \quad & 2 \mathrm{Al}+6 \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{AlCl}_3+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \\ & \mathrm{Al}+\mathrm{HNO}_3 \rightarrow \text { No reaction (Due to protective oxide layer)} \end{aligned}$$
(D) +1 oxidation state is observed mainly for heavier Group-13 element like $$\mathrm{TI}$$.
$$\mathrm{B}$$ and $$\mathrm{Al}$$ do not show +1 oxidation state
(E) $$\left[\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_6\right]^{3+} \rightarrow$$ Hybridisation : $$s p^3 d^2$$
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