JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2024 - 4th April Morning Shift - No. 27)

The de-Broglie's wavelength of an electron in the $$4^{\text {th }}$$ orbit is ________ $$\pi \mathrm{a}_0$$. ($$\mathrm{a}_0=$$ Bohr's radius)
Answer
8

Explanation

The de-Broglie wavelength of an electron can be expressed through its relationship with the principal quantum number $$n$$ in a Bohr orbit. According to de Broglie, the wavelength $ \lambda $ of an electron moving in an orbit can be related to its momentum. However, when considering an electron in an atom, specifically within the Bohr model, we can relate the de-Broglie wavelength to the circumference of the orbit it moves in. The formula representing the de Broglie wavelength of an electron in the $n^{\text{th}}$ orbit of a hydrogen-like atom is:

$$ \lambda_n = \frac{2 \pi r_n}{n} $$

where

  • $ \lambda_n $ is the de-Broglie wavelength of the electron in the $n^{\text{th}}$ orbit,
  • $ r_n $ is the radius of the $n^{\text{th}}$ orbit,
  • $ n $ is the principal quantum number (which is 4 in this case).

According to Bohr's theory, the radius of the $n^{\text{th}}$ orbit is given by:

$$ r_n = n^2 a_0 $$

where $ a_0 $ is the Bohr radius.

For the $4^{\text{th}}$ orbit, $n = 4$, so the radius is:

$$ r_4 = 4^2 a_0 = 16 a_0 $$

Substituting $ r_4 $ into the de-Broglie wavelength formula, we get:

$$ \lambda_4 = \frac{2 \pi (16 a_0)}{4} = 8 \pi a_0 $$

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