JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2024 - 4th April Evening Shift - No. 24)
Explanation
To determine the maximum amount of acetanilide that can be prepared from 6.55 g of aniline, we need to use stoichiometry. Let's go through the process step by step.
1. Molecular weights calculation:
The molecular weight of aniline (C6H5NH2) is calculated as follows:
$$\text{Molecular weight of aniline} = 6 \times 12 + 5 \times 1 + 14 + 2 \times 1 = 93 \text{ g/mol}$$
The molecular weight of acetanilide (C8H9NO) is calculated as follows:
$$\text{Molecular weight of acetanilide} = 8 \times 12 + 9 \times 1 + 14 + 16 = 135 \text{ g/mol}$$
2. Mole calculation:
Moles of aniline:
$$\text{Moles of aniline} = \frac{\text{Mass of aniline}}{\text{Molecular weight of aniline}} = \frac{6.55 \text{ g}}{93 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.0704 \text{ mol}$$
3. Stoichiometry of the reaction:
The reaction between aniline and acetic anhydride to form acetanilide follows a 1:1 mole ratio.
4. Mass calculation:
Theoretical mass of acetanilide formed:
$$\text{Mass of acetanilide} = \text{Moles of aniline} \times \text{Molecular weight of acetanilide} = 0.0704 \text{ mol} \times 135 \text{ g/mol} = 9.504 \text{ g}$$
5. Convert to the desired unit:
Given the unit required is $$\times 10^{-1} \mathrm{~g}$$, we express 9.504 g as:
$$9.504 \text{ g} = 95.04 \times 10^{-1} \text{ g}$$
Therefore, the maximum amount of acetanilide that can be prepared from 6.55 g of aniline is $$95.04 \times 10^{-1} \mathrm{~g}$$.
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