JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2023 - 6th April Evening Shift - No. 5)

If the radius of the first orbit of hydrogen atom is $$\alpha_{0}$$, then de Broglie's wavelength of electron in $$3^{\text {rd }}$$ orbit is :
$$\frac{\pi \alpha^{3}}{6}$$
$$3\pi\alpha_0$$
$$6\pi\alpha_0$$
$$\frac{\pi \alpha^{3}}{3}$$

Explanation

In Bohr's model, the angular momentum of an electron in an orbit is quantized, which can be represented as:

$$mvr = n \cdot \frac{h}{2\pi}$$

Where:

  • (m) is the mass of the electron,
  • (v) is the velocity of the electron,
  • (r) is the radius of the nth orbit, and
  • (n) is the principal quantum number ((n = 1) for the first orbit, (n = 2) for the second orbit, and so on).

The de Broglie wavelength ($\lambda$) is given by:

$$\lambda = \frac{h}{mv}$$

For the nth orbit, the radius (r) is $n^2$ times the radius of the first orbit ($r_0$, or $\alpha_0$ in your notation):

$$r = n^2 \cdot \alpha_0$$

The circumference of the nth orbit is $2\pi r$, which can be written as:

$$2\pi r = n \cdot \lambda$$

Substituting the expression for (r):

$$2\pi \cdot n^2 \cdot \alpha_0 = n \cdot \lambda$$

Solving for $\lambda$ gives:

$$\lambda = 2\pi \cdot n \cdot \alpha_0$$

For the 3rd orbit ((n = 3)), this simplifies to:

$$\lambda = 6\pi \cdot \alpha_0$$

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