JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2023 - 13th April Morning Shift - No. 16)
$$\mathrm{t}_{87.5}$$ is the time required for the reaction to undergo $$87.5 \%$$ completion and $$\mathrm{t}_{50}$$ is the time required for the reaction to undergo $$50 \%$$ completion. The relation between $$\mathrm{t}_{87.5}$$ and $$\mathrm{t}_{50}$$ for a first order reaction is $$\mathrm{t}_{87.5}=x \times \mathrm{t}_{50}$$ The value of $$x$$ is ___________. (Nearest integer)
Answer
3
Explanation
For a first-order reaction, the relation between the reaction rate constant (k) and time (t) for a given percentage of completion (p) is:
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{1-p}\right) = kt$$
For t₅₀ (50% completion), p = 0.5:
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{1-0.5}\right) = k\cdot t_{50}$$
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{0.5}\right) = k\cdot t_{50}$$
$$\ln(2) = k\cdot t_{50}$$
For t₈₇.₅ (87.5% completion), p = 0.875:
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{1-0.875}\right) = k\cdot t_{87.5}$$
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{0.125}\right) = k\cdot t_{87.5}$$ $$\ln(8) = k\cdot t_{87.5}$$
Now, we need to find the relationship between t₈₇.₅ and t₅₀:
$$\frac{k\cdot t_{87.5}}{k\cdot t_{50}} = \frac{\ln(8)}{\ln(2)}$$
Since the k's cancel out, we have:
$$\frac{t_{87.5}}{t_{50}} = \frac{\ln(8)}{\ln(2)}$$
Using the property of logarithms, we get:
$$\frac{t_{87.5}}{t_{50}} = \frac{\ln(2^3)}{\ln(2)}$$
$$\frac{t_{87.5}}{t_{50}} = 3$$
So, the value of x is 3.
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{1-p}\right) = kt$$
For t₅₀ (50% completion), p = 0.5:
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{1-0.5}\right) = k\cdot t_{50}$$
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{0.5}\right) = k\cdot t_{50}$$
$$\ln(2) = k\cdot t_{50}$$
For t₈₇.₅ (87.5% completion), p = 0.875:
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{1-0.875}\right) = k\cdot t_{87.5}$$
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{0.125}\right) = k\cdot t_{87.5}$$ $$\ln(8) = k\cdot t_{87.5}$$
Now, we need to find the relationship between t₈₇.₅ and t₅₀:
$$\frac{k\cdot t_{87.5}}{k\cdot t_{50}} = \frac{\ln(8)}{\ln(2)}$$
Since the k's cancel out, we have:
$$\frac{t_{87.5}}{t_{50}} = \frac{\ln(8)}{\ln(2)}$$
Using the property of logarithms, we get:
$$\frac{t_{87.5}}{t_{50}} = \frac{\ln(2^3)}{\ln(2)}$$
$$\frac{t_{87.5}}{t_{50}} = 3$$
So, the value of x is 3.
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