JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2022 - 25th July Morning Shift - No. 13)

The enthalpy of combustion of propane, graphite and dihydrogen at $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ are $$-2220.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1},-393.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ and $$-285.8 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ respectively. The magnitude of enthalpy of formation of propane $$\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)$$ is _______________ $$\mathrm{kJ} \,\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$$. (Nearest integer)
Answer
104

Explanation

Enthalpy of combustion of propane, graphite and $$\mathrm{H}_{2}$$ at $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ are

$$\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}(\mathrm{~g})+5 \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{I}), \Delta \mathrm{H}_{1}=-2220 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\mathrm{C}($$ graphite $$)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}), \quad \Delta \mathrm{H}_{2}=-393.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{I}), \quad \Delta \mathrm{H}_{3}=-285.8 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

The desired reaction is

$$3 \mathrm{C}$$ (graphite) + $$4 \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}(\mathrm{~g})$$

$$\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}=3 \Delta \mathrm{H}_{2}+4 \Delta \mathrm{H}_{3}-\Delta \mathrm{H}_{1}$$

$$ \begin{aligned} &=3(-393.5)+4(-285.8)-(-2220) \\ &=-103.7 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \end{aligned} $$

$\left|\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}\right| \simeq 104 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

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