JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2021 - 20th July Evening Shift - No. 11)
Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in presence of HNO3 and H2SO4 mixture, where :
both H2SO4 and HNO3 act as a bases
HNO3 acts as an acid and H2SO4 acts as a base
both H2SO4 and HNO3 act as an acids
HNO3 acts as a base and H2SO4 acts as an acid
Explanation
Reagent for nitration of Benzene
$$\mathop {{H_2}S{O_4}}\limits_{(Acid)} + \mathop {HN{O_3}}\limits_{(Base)} \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over {\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} HSO_4^\Theta + {H_2}\mathop N\limits^ \oplus {O_3}$$
$${H_2}\mathop N\limits^ \oplus {O_3} \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over {\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} {H_2}O + \mathop N\limits^ \oplus {O_2}$$
_20th_July_Evening_Shift_en_11_2.png)
$$\mathop {{H_2}S{O_4}}\limits_{(Acid)} + \mathop {HN{O_3}}\limits_{(Base)} \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over {\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} HSO_4^\Theta + {H_2}\mathop N\limits^ \oplus {O_3}$$
$${H_2}\mathop N\limits^ \oplus {O_3} \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over {\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} {H_2}O + \mathop N\limits^ \oplus {O_2}$$
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