JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2020 - 4th September Evening Slot - No. 21)
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Explanation
Option A:
In the reaction $$ \underline {Xe}F_4 + SbF_5 \to $$, xenon tetrafluoride (XeF4) reacts with antimony pentafluoride (SbF5). XeF4 is a square planar molecule, and the central Xe atom is $sp^3d^2$ hybridised. The reaction with SbF5 can lead to the formation of a complex where the hybridisation of Xe changes if it coordinates with SbF5. Thus, the hybridisation of Xe may indeed be affected in this case.
$$\underline {Xe} $$F4 | + | SbF5 | $$ \to $$ | [XeF3]+[SbF6]- |
---|---|---|---|---|
sp3d2 | sp3d sp3d2 |
Option B:
In the reaction $$ H_2\underline{S}O_4 + NaCl \buildrel {420K} \over \longrightarrow $$, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) reacts with sodium chloride (NaCl). The underlined atom here is sulfur (S). In sulfuric acid, sulfur is hybridised as $sp^3$. Upon heating, there is typically no change in the hybridisation of the sulfur atom within sulfuric acid as part of this reaction. Therefore, the hybridisation of S is likely not affected.
Option C:
In the reaction $$ H_3\underline{P}O_2 \buildrel {Disproportionation} \over \longrightarrow $$, phosphorous acid (H3PO2) is undergoing a disproportionation reaction. The underlined atom is phosphorus (P). In H3PO2, the hybridisation of the phosphorus atom is $sp^3$. A typical disproportionation reaction of phosphorous acid would result in phosphine (PH3) and orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4). The phosphorus atom in PH3 will have $sp^3$ hybridisation while in H3PO4 the phosphorus atom is $sp^3$ hybridised. Given this information, the hybridisation of phosphorus may or may not change, depending on the resulting state of the phosphorus atom in the products. It's not a clear-cut case without knowing the specific products.
Option D:
In the reaction $$ \underline{N}H_3 \buildrel {{H^+}} \over \longrightarrow $$, ammonia (NH3) is reacting with a proton (H+). The underlined atom is nitrogen (N). In NH3, the nitrogen is $sp^3$ hybridised. When ammonia accepts a proton, it forms ammonium ion (NH4+), which is also $sp^3$ hybridised. Therefore, there is no change in the hybridisation of nitrogen in this case.
Given this information, the option in which the hybridisation of the underlined atom is most clearly affected is Option A, where the reaction can lead to coordination changes to the Xe atom, potentially affecting its hybridisation.
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