JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2019 - 9th January Morning Slot - No. 19)
Aluminium is usually found in +3 oxidation state. In contrast, thallium exists in + 1 and + 3 oxidation states. This is due to :
inert pair effect
diagonal relationship
lattice structure
lanthanoid contraction
Explanation
Electronic configuration of Thallium (Tl) is
= [Xe]4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Here because of poor sheilding of 4f and 5d orbital on 6s orbital, electrons of 6s orbital is more tightly held by the nucleus and perticipate less in bond formation. This is called as innert pair effect. And that is why Tl become stable in +1 oxidation state.
= [Xe]4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Here because of poor sheilding of 4f and 5d orbital on 6s orbital, electrons of 6s orbital is more tightly held by the nucleus and perticipate less in bond formation. This is called as innert pair effect. And that is why Tl become stable in +1 oxidation state.
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