JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2019 - 9th January Evening Slot - No. 17)

Which of the following combination of statements is true regarding the interpretation of the atomic orbitals ?

(a) An electron in an orbital of high angular momentum stays away from the nucleus than an electron in the orbital of lower angular momentum.

(b) For a given value of the principal quantum number, the size of the orbit is inversely proportional to the azimuthal quantum number.

(c) According to wave mechanics, the ground state angular momentum is equal to $${h \over {2\pi }}$$.

(d) The plot of $$\psi $$ vs r for various azimuthal quantum numbers, shows peak shifting towards higher r value.
(a), (b)
(a), (d)
(b), (c)
(a), (c)

Explanation

(a) Angular momentum, $$mvr = {{nh} \over {2\pi }}$$

$$ \Rightarrow mvr \propto n$$ $$\propto$$ distance from the nucleus

(b) This statement is incorrect as size of an orbit $$\propto$$ Azimuthal quantum number (l) ($$\because$$ n = constant)

(c) This statement is incorrect as at ground state,

n = 1, l = 0

$$\Rightarrow$$ Orbital angular momentum (wave mechanics)

$$ = \sqrt {l(l + 1)} {h \over {2\pi }} = 0$$ [$$\because$$ $$l = 0$$]

(d) The plot of $$\psi $$ vs $$ r $$ for various azimuthal quantum numbers, shows peak shifting towards higher $$ r $$ value.
This statement is typically true. The radial distribution functions of atomic orbitals (which can be related to $$ |\psi|^2 $$ vs $$ r $$) for higher azimuthal quantum numbers generally have their peaks at larger values of the radial distance $$ r $$ from the nucleus. This is because with higher $$ l $$ values, the electrons are more likely to be found at greater distances due to the higher angular momentum.

The given plot is

JEE Main 2019 (Online) 9th January Evening Slot Chemistry - Structure of Atom Question 145 English Explanation

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