JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2019 - 8th April Morning Slot - No. 7)
The IUPAC name of the following compound is :
_8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_2.png)
3-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
4,4-Dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
2-Methyl-3-hydroxypentan-5-oic acid
4-Methyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid
Explanation
_8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_13.png)
Note :
1. Here -OH and -COOH functional group present. And priority of -COOH group is higher so numbering start from -COOH group.
2. Here -COOH acts as main functional group and -OH acts as substitute. So we take prefix of -OH group (Hydroxy) and suffix of -COOH group (-oic acid).
3. Here two substitude -CH3(methyl) and -OH(Hydroxy) present. And 'H' of Hydroxy comes before 'm' of methyl in alphabetical order. So IUPAC name stars with Hydroxy substitude.
| Functional group (priority order) | suffix(s) | prefix | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_4.png) |
Oic acid(when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or Carboxylic acid (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
Carboxy |
| (2) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_5.png) |
sulphonic acid | sulpho |
| (3) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_6.png) |
Oic anhydrid (when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or Carboxylic anhydride (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
$$ - $$ |
| (4) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_7.png) |
Oate (when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or Carboxylate (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
$$ - $$ |
| (5) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_8.png) |
Oyl halide (when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or Carboxyl halide (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
haloflormyl |
| (6) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_9.png) |
amide (when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or carbamide (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
carbamoyl |
| (7) | cynide ($$ - $$ C $$ \equiv $$ N) | nitrile (when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or carbonitrile (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
cyano |
| (8) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_10.png) |
Carbylamine | isocyano |
| (9) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_11.png) |
al (when carbon(C) of this functional group present in the main chain) or Carbaldehyde (when carbon(C) of this functional group is not present in the main chain) |
formyl (oxo) |
| (10) | _8th_April_Morning_Slot_en_7_12.png) |
one | oxo |
| (11) | $$ - $$ OH | ol | hydroxy |
| (12) | $$ - $$ SH | thiol | mercapto |
| (13) | $$ - $$ NH$$_2$$ | amine | amino |
From this table you can see -COOH has highest priority and -NH2 has lowest priority among all functional groups.
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