JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2019 - 11th January Morning Slot - No. 17)
The freezing point of a diluted milk sample is found to be –0.2oC, while it should have been –0.5oC for pure milk. How much water has been added to pure milk to make the diluted sample?
1 cup of water to 2 cups of pure milk
2 cups of water to 3 cups of pure milk
3 cups of water to 2 cups of pure milk
1 cup of water to 3 cups of pure milk
Explanation
We know,
$$\Delta $$Tf = i $$ \times $$ kf $$ \times $$ m
$$ \therefore $$ $$\Delta $$TfDil. Milk = (1) $$ \times $$ kf $$ \times $$ mdil = 0.2 ...(1)
$$\Delta $$TfPure Milk = (1) $$ \times $$ kf $$ \times $$ mpure = 0.5 ...(2)
From (1) and (2), we get
$${{{m_{pure}}} \over {{m_{dil}}}} = {{0.5} \over {0.2}}$$ = $${5 \over 2}$$ ....(3)
Assume moles of fat in both the milk samples = n
Weight of milk = w1
and weight of water = w0
Molality of pure milk,
mpure = $${n \over {{w_1}}} \times 1000$$ ....(4)
Molality of diluted milk,
mdil. = $${n \over {{w_1} + {w_0}}} \times 1000$$ ....(5)
From (4) and (5), we get
$${{{m_{pure}}} \over {{m_{dil}}}} = {{{w_1} + {w_0}} \over {{w_1}}}$$
Using equation (3), we get
$${5 \over 2} = {{{w_1} + {w_0}} \over {{w_1}}}$$
$$ \Rightarrow $$ 5w1 = 2w1 + 2w0
$$ \Rightarrow $$ 3w1 = 2w0
$$ \Rightarrow $$ $${{{w_1}} \over {{w_0}}} = {2 \over 3}$$
Which means 3 cups of water has been added to 2 cups of pure milk.
$$\Delta $$Tf = i $$ \times $$ kf $$ \times $$ m
$$ \therefore $$ $$\Delta $$TfDil. Milk = (1) $$ \times $$ kf $$ \times $$ mdil = 0.2 ...(1)
$$\Delta $$TfPure Milk = (1) $$ \times $$ kf $$ \times $$ mpure = 0.5 ...(2)
From (1) and (2), we get
$${{{m_{pure}}} \over {{m_{dil}}}} = {{0.5} \over {0.2}}$$ = $${5 \over 2}$$ ....(3)
Assume moles of fat in both the milk samples = n
Weight of milk = w1
and weight of water = w0
Molality of pure milk,
mpure = $${n \over {{w_1}}} \times 1000$$ ....(4)
Molality of diluted milk,
mdil. = $${n \over {{w_1} + {w_0}}} \times 1000$$ ....(5)
From (4) and (5), we get
$${{{m_{pure}}} \over {{m_{dil}}}} = {{{w_1} + {w_0}} \over {{w_1}}}$$
Using equation (3), we get
$${5 \over 2} = {{{w_1} + {w_0}} \over {{w_1}}}$$
$$ \Rightarrow $$ 5w1 = 2w1 + 2w0
$$ \Rightarrow $$ 3w1 = 2w0
$$ \Rightarrow $$ $${{{w_1}} \over {{w_0}}} = {2 \over 3}$$
Which means 3 cups of water has been added to 2 cups of pure milk.
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