JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2018 (Offline) - No. 18)
Which of the following are Lewis acids?
BCl3 and AlCl3
PH3 and BCl3
AlCl3 and SiCl4
PH3 and SiCl4
Explanation
The compound which have the ability to accepted at least are lone pair electron.
Structure of BCl3 is
Here B is electron deficient atom, so it can accepted lone pair. So it is a lewis acid.
Structure of AlCl3
Here, Al also a electron deficient atom so it has vacant orbital and in that vacant orbital it can take lone pair. So it is also lewis acid.
Here in PH3 there is vacant 3d orbital but it Can't take. Lone pair in 3d orbital because P is more electro-negative than H so around P atom negative charge density is created and tendency of accepting electron decreases. So PH3 is not lewis acid.
Here octet of Si full ut in has a tendency of accepting lone pair in vacant 3d orbital.
This can be shown by following reaction.
So, here option (A) and (C) both are correct. But as SiCl4 is not as strong lewis acid as BCl3 and AlCl3, So we can say option (A) is more correct.
Structure of BCl3 is
_en_18_1.png)
Here B is electron deficient atom, so it can accepted lone pair. So it is a lewis acid.
Structure of AlCl3
_en_18_2.png)
Here, Al also a electron deficient atom so it has vacant orbital and in that vacant orbital it can take lone pair. So it is also lewis acid.
_en_18_3.png)
Here in PH3 there is vacant 3d orbital but it Can't take. Lone pair in 3d orbital because P is more electro-negative than H so around P atom negative charge density is created and tendency of accepting electron decreases. So PH3 is not lewis acid.
_en_18_4.png)
Here octet of Si full ut in has a tendency of accepting lone pair in vacant 3d orbital.
This can be shown by following reaction.
_en_18_5.png)
So, here option (A) and (C) both are correct. But as SiCl4 is not as strong lewis acid as BCl3 and AlCl3, So we can say option (A) is more correct.
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