JEE MAIN - Chemistry (2018 (Offline) - No. 16)
At 518oC the rate of decomposition of a sample of gaseous acetaldehyde initially at a pressure of 363 Torr,
was 1.00 Torr s–1 when 5% had reacted and 0.5 Torr s–1 when 33% had reacted. The order of the reaction is
0
2
3
1
Explanation
For a nth order reaction, the rate of reaction at time t ,
Rate = K [Pt] n
Here Pt = pressure at time t, k = constant.
Note :
Here instead of concentration of product, pressure of product is given.
When 5% is reacted at a rate 1 Toss S$$-$$1
Then un-reacted is 95%..
As initial pressure is 363 Torr
then after 5% reaction completed the pressure will be
= 363 $$ \times $$ $${{95} \over {100}}$$ Torr.
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ 1 = K $${\left[ {363 \times {{95} \over {100}}} \right]^n}$$ . . . . . . . .(1)
When 33% is reacted at a rate 0.5 , Torr S$$-$$1 then un-reacted is 67%
So, after 33% reaction completion, the pressure is = $$363 \times {{67} \over {100}}$$ Torr.
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ 0.5 = K $${\left[ {363 \times {{67} \over {100}}} \right]^n}.......$$ (2)
Dividing (1) by (2), we get
$${1 \over {0.5}} = {{{{\left[ {363 \times {{95} \over {100}}} \right]}^n}} \over {{{\left[ {363 \times {{67} \over {100}}} \right]}^n}}}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,2 = {\left[ {{{95} \over {67}}} \right]^n}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,$$ 2 = $${\left[ {1.41} \right]^n}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,$$ 2 = $${\left[ {\sqrt 2 } \right]^n}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,2 = {2^{{n \over 2}}}$$
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ $${n \over 2}$$ = 1
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,$$ n = 2
This is a 2nd order reaction.
Rate = K [Pt] n
Here Pt = pressure at time t, k = constant.
Note :
Here instead of concentration of product, pressure of product is given.
When 5% is reacted at a rate 1 Toss S$$-$$1
Then un-reacted is 95%..
As initial pressure is 363 Torr
then after 5% reaction completed the pressure will be
= 363 $$ \times $$ $${{95} \over {100}}$$ Torr.
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ 1 = K $${\left[ {363 \times {{95} \over {100}}} \right]^n}$$ . . . . . . . .(1)
When 33% is reacted at a rate 0.5 , Torr S$$-$$1 then un-reacted is 67%
So, after 33% reaction completion, the pressure is = $$363 \times {{67} \over {100}}$$ Torr.
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ 0.5 = K $${\left[ {363 \times {{67} \over {100}}} \right]^n}.......$$ (2)
Dividing (1) by (2), we get
$${1 \over {0.5}} = {{{{\left[ {363 \times {{95} \over {100}}} \right]}^n}} \over {{{\left[ {363 \times {{67} \over {100}}} \right]}^n}}}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,2 = {\left[ {{{95} \over {67}}} \right]^n}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,$$ 2 = $${\left[ {1.41} \right]^n}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,$$ 2 = $${\left[ {\sqrt 2 } \right]^n}$$
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,2 = {2^{{n \over 2}}}$$
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ $${n \over 2}$$ = 1
$$ \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,$$ n = 2
This is a 2nd order reaction.
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