JAMB - Physics (2003 - No. 24)

In the diagram above, if each of the resistors can dissipate a maximum of 18W without becoming excessively heated, what is the maximum power the circuit can dissipate?
27W
18W
9W
5W

Explanation

From the above diagram, if each of the resistors can dissipate a maximum of 18W, the from the relation power, P = I2R, the current in the 2Ω series resistor is given by:
I2 = P/R = 18/2 = 9 => I = √9 = 3A
The effective parallel arrangement of the two 2Ω resistors: 1/R = 1/2 + 1/2 = 1Ω
∴ Total resistance in the circuit = 1 + 2 = 3Ω
current flowing the circuit = 3A
∴ Maxi. power = P = I2R = 32 x 3 = 27W

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