JAMB - Chemistry (1999 - No. 18)
The solution with the lowest pH value is
5 ml of (m/10) HCl
10 ml of (m/10) HCl
15 ml of (m/5) HCl
20 ml of (m/8) HCl
Explanation
pH = - Log[\(H^+\)]. All we need is the concentration of the acid, and not the volume.
Option A : 5ml of \(\frac{M}{10}\)HCl; [\(H^+\)] = \(\frac{M}{10}\)= \(\frac{1}{10}\times M\) = 0.1M. pH = - Log(0.1)= 1
Option B : 10ml of \(\frac{M}{10}\)HCl;[\(H^+\)] = \(\frac{M}{10}\)= \(\frac{1}{10}\times M\) = 0.1M. pH = - Log(0.1)= 1
Option C : 15ml of \(\frac{M}{5}\)HCl; [\(H^+\)] = \(\frac{M}{5}\)= \(\frac{1}{5}\times M\) = 0.2M. pH = - Log(0.2)= 0.699
Option D : 20ml of \(\frac{M}{8}\)HCl; [\(H^+\)] = \(\frac{M}{8}\)= \(\frac{1}{8}\times M\) = 0.125M. pH = - Log(0.125)= 0.903
Among the options, option C tends to have the least pH value of 0.699
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