Albinism is primarily an inherited genetic disorder caused by mutations in certain genes. Most forms of albinism are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning an individual must inherit a copy of the mutated gene from both parents to have the condition. These gene defects disrupt the body's ability to produce or distribute melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of skin, hair, and eyes.

A. under production of sebum and B. over secretion of sebum: Sebum is an oily substance produced by the sebaceous glands that lubricates the skin and hair; its production is unrelated to albinism.

D. over production of melanin: Albinism is characterized by a reduced amount or complete absence of melanin, not overproduction.