The malpighian layer is the innermost and actively dividing layer of the mammalian epidermis. It contains cells called melanocytes, which produce melanin (skin pigment), and stem cells (basal cells) that constantly produce new skin cells (keratinocytes).

A. capillaries layer: The epidermis itself is devoid of blood vessels (capillaries), however, capillaries are found in the underlying dermis layer, which provides nutrients to the epidermal cells.

B. cornified layer: is the outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of dead, flattened cells filled with keratin.

C. granular layer: is the middle layer of the epidermis, where cells start to flatten, accumulate keratin granules, and die as they are pushed upwards from the malpighian layer.