JAMB - Biology (2005 - No. 31)
Which of the following is a homostatic response in humans?
Withdrawing the hand from a hot object
The mouth getting watery when food is sighted
yawning owing to tiredness
shivering in a cold environment
Explanation
Shivering in a cold environment is a crucial homeostatic response because it's the body's involuntary mechanism to generate heat and maintain a stable internal temperature, preventing hypothermia.
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, including temperature, despite external changes. The hypothalamus, a region in the brain, acts as the body's thermostat, monitoring temperature and initiating responses to maintain it. When the body temperature drops, sensory receptors in the skin and brain detect the cold and send signals to the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus responds by triggering shivering, an involuntary muscle activity that generates heat.
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