Food production in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is affected by a number of factors, including climate change, the need for increased investment, and the need for structural change to the farming system. Mixed-cropping least affects food shortages because Mixed cropping, or mixed crop-livestock farming, is a dominant agricultural model in sub-Saharan Africa. some of the reasons are due to:

Environmental and social concerns: Mixed farming is promoted to address environmental and social concerns. 

Food security: Mixed crop-livestock systems are important for the food security of poor people in developing countries. 

Risk minimization: Farmers use mixed cropping to minimize losses due to rainfall variability and pest. 

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiences heavy flooding, and the frequency and intensity of these events is increasing.