The pineal body (also known as the pineal gland) is a small endocrine gland which is located in the brain. It plays a crucial role in regulating various biological cycles. The primary function of the pineal gland is to secrete melatonin, a hormone that regulates the body's circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle) and plays a role in seasonal rhythms and other physiological processes.

Olfactory lobe receives and processes sensory information about odours, relaying this information to the brain for smell perception. 

Optic lobe processes visual information, including spatial processing, colour perception, and object recognition. It also plays a role in coordinating eye and head movements. 

Medula oblongata contains centers that regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing, ensuring proper oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.