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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - The Variety Of Organic Chemicals (Section 5)

1
What are the products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
Answer
(C)
Carbon dioxide and water
2
What would be the main organic product of the reaction of methanol with ethanoic acid?
Answer
(A)
Methylethanoate
3
What type of reaction does an alkane undergo with chlorine in the presence of UV light?
Answer
(C)
Substitution
4
Which compound will react with a carboxylic acid to form an ester?
Answer
(C)
An alcohol
5
What type of reaction is the addition of hydrogen to an alkene?
Answer
(A)
Addition
6
What is the name of the process used to make ethanol from glucose using yeast?
Answer
(B)
Fermentation
7
What is the main product formed when an alkene reacts with bromine (Br2)?
Answer
(B)
A haloalkane with two bromine atoms.
8
Which of the following is the general formula for carboxylic acids?
Answer
(B)
CnH2nO2
9
What is produced when ethanoic acid reacts with magnesium carbonate?
Answer
(A)
Magnesium ethanoate, water, and carbon dioxide.
10
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a homologous series?
Answer
(C)
They have similar chemical properties.
11
What is the name given to the reaction when a long-chain alkane is broken down into smaller molecules?
Answer
(C)
Cracking
12
What are the products of fermentation?
Answer
(B)
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
13
What is the name of the process where ethanol is produced from glucose with yeast?
Answer
(C)
Fermentation
14
What are the characteristic products when a carboxylic acid reacts with a base like NaOH?
Answer
(B)
A salt and water
15
What is the name given to the reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
Answer
(A)
Esterification
16
What are the products of the complete combustion of ethanol?
Answer
(B)
Carbon dioxide and water.
17
What is the process called by which long-chain alkanes are broken down into smaller molecules?
Answer
(C)
Cracking
18
Which compound is commonly used as a solvent?
Answer
(C)
Ethanol
19
Which of the following compounds would decolorize bromine water?
Answer
(B)
Ethene
20
Which of the following is a characteristic of alkanes?
Answer
(C)
They contain only single covalent bonds.
21
What is the test used to distinguish between a saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Answer
(B)
Bromine water test
22
Which functional group is present in carboxylic acids?
Answer
(C)
-COOH
23
What is the functional group present in carboxylic acids?
Answer
(C)
-COOH
24
What type of reaction is the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid?
Answer
(B)
Oxidation
25
What are the products formed when an alkene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst?
Answer
A
C
26
What is the key characteristic of alkenes?
Answer
(B)
Double bonds
27
What are the main products when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate?
Answer
A
B
C
28
Which process involves the breakdown of long-chain alkanes?
Answer
(C)
Cracking
29
Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon?
Answer
(C)
Ethane
30
What are the typical reactants in the process of esterification?
Answer
A
B
D
31
Which of the following is a characteristic of alcohols?
Answer
(C)
They are soluble in water due to the presence of the -OH group.
32
What is the characteristic group found in alcohols?
Answer
(C)
-OH
33
What do you observe when bromine water is added to an alkene?
Answer
(A)
The bromine water decolorize.
34
What is the name of the process used to convert ethanol to ethanoic acid?
Answer
(A)
Oxidation
35
Which substances react with carboxylic acids?
Answer
A
B
36
What is the process of joining many small molecules (monomers) to form a large molecule (polymer) called?
Answer
(B)
Polymerization
37
What is the IUPAC name of the alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2CH2OH?
Answer
(D)
Butanol
38
What is the name of the product formed when ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol?
Answer
(A)
Ethyl ethanoate
39
What is the main difference in the reactivity of alkanes and alkenes?
Answer
(B)
Alkenes are generally more reactive due to the presence of a double bond, allowing them to undergo addition reactions.
40
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH3CH2CH2OH?
Answer
(C)
Propanol
41
What is the general formula for alcohols in a homologous series?
Answer
(C)
CnH2n+1OH
42
What type of bonds are present in alkanes?
Answer
(B)
Single bonds
43
What are the products formed when an alkene reacts with water?
Answer
(B)
Alcohol
44
What is a 'homologous series'?
Answer
(B)
A group of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties.
45
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alkenes?
Answer
(C)
They are saturated hydrocarbons.
46
What are the main reactants in the fermentation process for producing ethanol?
Answer
(B)
Glucose and yeast
47
What is a characteristic of saturated hydrocarbons?
Answer
(C)
They contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.
48
What are the typical reactants in the esterification reaction?
Answer
A
B
C
49
Which reagent is used to distinguish between an alkane and an alkene?
Answer
(B)
Bromine water
50
Which of the following reactions would produce an ester?
Answer
(A)
The reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.