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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - The Variety Of Organic Chemicals (Section 1)

1
What substance is typically used as a catalyst in the conversion of ethene and steam to ethanol?
Answer
(B)
Phosphoric acid
2
Which of the following are products of the complete combustion of hydrocarbons?
Answer
A
B
3
Which of the following is/are TRUE about the reaction of carboxylic acids with metals?
Answer
A
B
C
4
Which of the following are characteristics of carboxylic acids?
Answer
A
B
C
5
Which compound is produced by the reaction between ethene and steam in the presence of a catalyst?
Answer
(B)
Ethanol
6
What is the major reason for cracking long-chain alkanes?
Answer
(C)
To produce more valuable and useful products.
7
What is the other product formed when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate?
Answer
(D)
Carbon dioxide
8
What is the general formula for alkanes?
Answer
(A)
CnH2n+2
9
Which of the following would react with ethanoic acid?
Answer
A
B
C
10
Which of the following is a product of incomplete combustion of alkanes?
Answer
B
D
11
What must be present for a reaction to occur between an alkane and a halogen?
Answer
B
D
12
Which of the following statements are true regarding the cracking of alkanes?
Answer
A
C
13
During cracking, the presence of which of the following is most likely to increase the rate of the reaction?
Answer
(B)
High temperature
14
What type of reaction is used to produce ethanol from ethene and steam?
Answer
(A)
Addition
15
Which of the following is a characteristic of the homologous series of alkanes?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
16
Which of the following statements about alkanes is/are correct?
Answer
A
C
D
17
What is the name of the process in which ethanol is converted to ethanoic acid?
Answer
(C)
Oxidation
18
What is the name of the process that produces ethanol by the action of yeast on glucose?
Answer
(C)
Fermentation
19
What is the functional group present in alkenes?
Answer
(B)
-C=C-
20
What are the requirements for an alkane to react with chlorine to form a chloroalkane?
Answer
B
C
21
Which statement best describes the type of reaction that occurs when an alkane reacts with chlorine in the presence of UV light?
Answer
(B)
Substitution
22
What type of bond is broken in the reaction of alkanes with chlorine in the presence of UV light?
Answer
(B)
Carbon-hydrogen bond
23
Which of the following represents the functional group in alcohols?
Answer
(C)
-OH
24
Why is cracking important in the oil industry?
Answer
A
D
25
Which of the following best describes the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid?
Answer
(B)
It is a condensation reaction.
26
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alkanes?
Answer
(D)
They readily undergo addition reactions.
27
Which of the following is a use of alkenes?
Answer
(C)
Making polymers
28
Which of the following is a major industrial process that uses cracking?
Answer
(B)
Refining crude oil
29
Which of the following statements best describes the reaction of ethanol with sodium?
Answer
(A)
It produces hydrogen gas.
30
In the production of ethanol from ethene, what is the role of the catalyst?
Answer
(C)
To lower the activation energy of the reaction.
31
What is the purpose of bromine water when testing for unsaturation?
Answer
(C)
To indicate the presence of a double bond.
32
What is the major source of alkanes?
Answer
(B)
Petroleum
33
What is the name of the product when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid?
Answer
(A)
Ester
34
What type of compound is formed when two or more monomers combine?
Answer
(B)
A polymer
35
What is the major use of the products of cracking in the oil industry?
Answer
(A)
As a source of fuel.
36
How does the addition of bromine water to an alkene affect its structure?
Answer
(D)
The double bond becomes a single bond, with bromine atoms attached to each carbon.
37
Which of the following are involved in the process of cracking?
Answer
A
B
38
What type of reaction occurs when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid?
Answer
(A)
Esterification
39
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a homologous series?
Answer
(C)
Members differ by a -CH2- unit.
40
What is the name of the process by which ethanol is produced from glucose?
Answer
(B)
Fermentation
41
What is the name of the process by which ethanoic acid (acetic acid) can be made from ethanol?
Answer
(B)
Oxidation
42
Which of the following is the chemical formula for ethanol?
Answer
(C)
CH3CH2OH
43
Which of the following is NOT a use of ethanol?
Answer
(D)
A catalyst
44
What type of reaction is the cracking of alkanes?
Answer
(C)
Decomposition
45
Which of the following statements accurately describes the reaction of an alkane with a halogen in the presence of UV light?
Answer
(B)
A substitution reaction occurs.
46
Which reagent is used to test for the presence of unsaturation in alkenes?
Answer
(A)
Bromine water
47
Which of the following describes the process of fermentation?
Answer
(A)
The breakdown of glucose to produce ethanol.
48
What is the term for molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas?
Answer
(B)
Isomers
49
What happens to the double bond of an alkene when it reacts with bromine?
Answer
(C)
It becomes a single bond.
50
What functional group is present in a carboxylic acid?
Answer
(C)
-COOH