Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - The Chemical Industry (Section 2 - No. 9)

What is the chemical reaction that occurs when calcium carbonate (limestone) is heated?
CaCO3(s) + H2O(l) -> Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g)
CaCO3(s) -> CaO(s) + CO2(g)
CaO(s) + CO2(g) -> CaCO3(s)
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Explanation

Thermal decomposition

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