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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - Biological Molecules (Section 3)

1
What type of linkage joins glucose monomers in starch?
Answer
(C)
Glycosidic linkage
2
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
Answer
(C)
Monosaccharides
3
What is the role of yeast in fermentation?
Answer
(B)
Acts as a catalyst
4
Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
Answer
B
D
5
What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?
Answer
(B)
Act as catalysts
6
Which of the following is involved in the process of making ethanol by fermentation from glucose?
Answer
A
C
7
Which molecule is produced during condensation reactions?
Answer
(A)
Water
8
Which products are produced during fermentation of glucose?
Answer
(B)
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
9
Which is the bond between two monosaccharides?
Answer
(B)
Glycosidic Bond
10
What is the effect of high temperatures on enzymes?
Answer
(B)
They denature and lose their function
11
Which statements accurately describe the results of the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
A
B
D
12
What are the reactants in the fermentation of glucose?
Answer
(A)
Glucose and yeast
13
The linkage in a polysaccharide is called ____.
Answer
(C)
Glycosidic linkage
14
Which of the following is the best definition of hydrolysis?
Answer
(A)
The addition of water to break a bond.
15
In which part of the cell does fermentation mainly occur?
Answer
(B)
Cytoplasm
16
What type of reaction breaks down a complex molecule into simpler ones?
Answer
(C)
Hydrolysis
17
Which of the following describes a main advantage of making ethanol by fermentation from sugars?
Answer
(D)
It uses renewable resources.
18
What is the general formula for a simple sugar molecule?
Answer
(D)
CnH2nOn
19
Which of the following is a characteristic of fermentation?
Answer
(C)
It is anaerobic
20
What element is the main constituent of carbohydrates?
Answer
(D)
Carbon
21
Which of the following are the main components of carbohydrates?
Answer
(A)
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
22
Which type of molecules are broken down in a hydrolysis reaction?
Answer
(B)
Polymers
23
In the process of hydrolysis, what molecule is added to break a bond?
Answer
(A)
Water
24
What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
Answer
(B)
To speed up the reaction
25
What are the products of the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
(A)
Glucose
26
What is the main difference between starch and cellulose?
Answer
(B)
Different linkages between glucose units
27
What is the name of the bond that joins monosaccharides together?
Answer
(B)
Glycosidic bond
28
What type of reaction is involved in forming a polymer from monomers?
Answer
(B)
Condensation
29
What is the role of enzymes in the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
(B)
They speed up the reaction
30
Which of the following is true about the process of fermentation in plants?
Answer
B
D
31
Which of the following is an example of a condensation reaction?
Answer
(B)
Formation of a peptide bond
32
What type of monomers make up proteins?
Answer
(B)
Amino acids
33
What is the type of reaction that forms a protein from amino acids?
Answer
(B)
Condensation
34
What type of molecule is starch?
Answer
(C)
Polysaccharide
35
Which molecule is eliminated during the formation of a peptide bond?
Answer
(B)
Water
36
How are amino acids linked together in proteins?
Answer
(B)
Through peptide bonds
37
Which of the following processes is the reverse of condensation?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolysis
38
Which factors are required for making ethanol by fermentation?
Answer
A
B
D
39
What compound is commonly used to measure the pH in the experiment described in 20.3?
Answer
(A)
Limewater
40
Which of the following is a component of a protein?
Answer
(B)
Amino acids
41
In paper chromatography, what is the purpose of the locating agent?
Answer
(A)
To make the sugars visible
42
What is the process that breaks down large biological molecules into smaller ones using water?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolysis
43
Which type of reaction does not require oxygen to take place?
Answer
(A)
Fermentation
44
What process forms the amide linkage in proteins?
Answer
(C)
Condensation polymerization
45
Which of the following can be used to hydrolyze proteins?
Answer
A
B
D
46
Which process uses a catalyst?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
47
What type of sugars are produced after the hydrolysis of carbohydrates?
Answer
A
B
48
What type of bond links the monomers of proteins?
Answer
(C)
Amide
49
What happens to the enzymes when they are placed in temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius?
Answer
(B)
Their structure is denatured
50
Which of the following statements about enzymes is/are correct?
Answer
A
B
C