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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - Biological Molecules (Section 1)

1
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
Answer
(C)
Energy storage
2
What are the products of fermentation of glucose?
Answer
(B)
Carbon dioxide and ethanol.
3
Which of the following is/are TRUE about the advantages of making ethanol by fermentation compared to ethene and steam?
Answer
C
D
4
What type of reaction is fermentation?
Answer
(B)
An anaerobic process.
5
What is a common characteristic of enzymes?
Answer
(B)
They are highly specific for a particular reaction.
6
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
(A)
Hydrolysis results in the formation of monosaccharides.
7
Which of the following is a disaccharide?
Answer
(C)
Sucrose
8
What type of reaction breaks down proteins into amino acids?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolysis
9
What is the name of the reaction that breaks down proteins?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolysis
10
What are the main components of food that are considered macromolecules?
Answer
A
B
C
11
What type of process is used to make ethanol from glucose?
Answer
(B)
Fermentation
12
What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?
Answer
(C)
(CH2O)n
13
Which compound is NOT a product of the fermentation of glucose?
Answer
(C)
Oxygen
14
Which of the following is NOT a disaccharide?
Answer
(C)
Glucose
15
What type of reaction is involved in the formation of a peptide bond?
Answer
(B)
Condensation
16
What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?
Answer
A
B
17
In the context of fermentation, what does the term 'anaerobic' mean?
Answer
(B)
Occurring without oxygen.
18
What is the name of the repeating unit in a protein?
Answer
(B)
Amino acids
19
What is the effect of a high concentration of ethanol on yeast in fermentation?
Answer
(B)
It inhibits the fermentation process.
20
What type of reaction is the breakdown of starch to glucose?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolysis
21
What is a characteristic of a biological catalyst?
Answer
(B)
It lowers the activation energy of the reaction.
22
What is the main use of ethanol produced by fermentation?
Answer
(B)
A source of fuel.
23
What is the empirical formula for a carbohydrate?
Answer
(B)
(CH2O)n
24
What happens to the concentration of ethanol if the ethanol concentration reaches a certain level?
Answer
(B)
The yield will decrease.
25
Which of the following statements is/are true about identifying sugars using paper chromatography?
Answer
A
B
C
26
Which of the following statements is true regarding the hydrolysis of carbohydrates?
Answer
(A)
Hydrolysis breaks down large carbohydrate molecules into smaller sugar molecules.
27
Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
Answer
(C)
Glucose
28
Which of the following is the correct equation for fermentation of glucose?
Answer
(B)
C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
29
What is the name of the linkage formed between monosaccharides to form a polysaccharide?
Answer
(B)
Glycosidic linkage
30
In paper chromatography, which property of the sugar is used for separation?
Answer
(C)
Solubility in the solvent
31
What is the repeating unit in starch?
Answer
(A)
Glucose molecules
32
What is an example of a polysaccharide?
Answer
(C)
Starch
33
What is the name of the bond that forms between amino acids in a protein?
Answer
(B)
Peptide bond
34
What is the role of the yeast in alcoholic fermentation?
Answer
(C)
To convert glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide
35
Which of the following are true about the use of paper chromatography?
Answer
A
B
C
36
What are the monomers that make up proteins?
Answer
(B)
Amino acids
37
What is the purpose of the limewater in the fermentation experiment?
Answer
(B)
To indicate the presence of carbon dioxide.
38
Which of the following describes the main function of enzymes?
Answer
(B)
To decrease the activation energy
39
Which of the following is a characteristic of the structure of proteins?
Answer
(D)
Proteins are formed by condensation polymerization of amino acids.
40
What type of linkage is formed between the monomers in starch?
Answer
(B)
Glycosidic linkage
41
What is the primary goal of using a locating agent in paper chromatography?
Answer
(B)
To make the sugars visible.
42
Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?
Answer
(B)
They are inactivated by high temperatures.
43
Which of the following is NOT a property of carbohydrates?
Answer
(B)
They always contain the same number of carbon and oxygen atoms.
44
What is the main use of ethanol?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
45
Which of the following is the main monosaccharide produced from the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
(C)
Glucose
46
Which of the following are advantages of fermentation?
Answer
A
C
47
Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate?
Answer
(C)
Starch
48
Which of the following is/are involved in the breakdown of proteins?
Answer
A
B
C
D
49
What type of bond is formed between amino acids in a protein?
Answer
(B)
Peptide bond
50
Which of the following is NOT a source of food molecules that gives us energy and keeps making new cells in our body?
Answer
(D)
Water