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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - Air And Water (Section 5)

1
In the process of galvanising, what is the role of zinc?
Answer
A
C
2
What is the simplest formula that we can suggest for rust?
Answer
(D)
Fe2O3.H2O
3
What is a component of a modern water treatment process?
Answer
A
C
4
In what form is sulfur dioxide primarily released into the atmosphere?
Answer
(C)
Gas
5
What is the role of the troposphere in the greenhouse effect?
Answer
(C)
It traps heat that has been radiated from the Earth's surface.
6
What can happen to the Earth because of the greenhouse effect?
Answer
(B)
It becomes warmer.
7
What are the byproducts of combustion?
Answer
(A)
Carbon dioxide and water.
8
What is the main environmental impact of carbon monoxide?
Answer
(D)
It is poisonous to animals and humans.
9
What is the role of oxygen in the rusting of iron?
Answer
(C)
It reacts with the iron to form iron oxide.
10
What is a major source of pollution in the atmosphere?
Answer
(B)
Burning of fossil fuels
11
What is the relationship between the processes of photosynthesis and respiration?
Answer
(C)
They are opposite processes, balancing the carbon cycle.
12
What type of pollution do nitrogen oxides primarily contribute to?
Answer
(B)
Acid rain
13
What is one of the results of global warming?
Answer
(B)
Melting of the polar ice caps
14
What chemical reaction produces sulfuric acid in the atmosphere
Answer
(C)
SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4
15
What is one of the adverse effects of acid rain?
Answer
A
B
16
In the context of preventing rust, what is sacrificial protection?
Answer
(B)
Using a metal that is more reactive than iron.
17
What could lead to the carbon cycle being out of balance?
Answer
(B)
Burning fossil fuels.
18
What is the purpose of using cobalt chloride in the experiment shown?
Answer
(B)
To indicate the presence of water.
19
What is the primary environmental impact of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere?
Answer
(A)
Acid rain.
20
Which statement correctly describes how zinc protects iron from rusting?
Answer
(B)
Zinc acts as a sacrificial metal, corroding first.
21
Which of the following is the main source of methane emissions, which is one of the greenhouse gasses?
Answer
(B)
Decomposition of plant material and animal waste
22
What is the primary cause of the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
Answer
(C)
Burning of fossil fuels
23
In the context of the carbon cycle, which of the following is NOT a significant carbon reservoir?
Answer
(D)
The soil
24
Which of these is an example of metal plating?
Answer
(D)
Coating steel with another metal by the process of electroplating.
25
Which of the following is an example of a method that prevents rusting?
Answer
(C)
Applying a plastic coating
26
Which of the following is an example of a process that *adds* carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Answer
B
C
27
Which of the following processes contribute to the formation of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere?
Answer
(B)
The combustion of fuels in vehicles and industrial processes
28
What is the main process used to separate the gases in the air?
Answer
(C)
Fractional distillation
29
What is the definition of corrosion?
Answer
(C)
The process of chemicals attacking the surface of a metal.
30
What happens to the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as a result of the burning of large areas of forest?
Answer
(B)
The amount of carbon dioxide increases.
31
What is a major effect of acid rain?
Answer
(B)
Damage to statues and buildings.
32
What happens when the Earth's atmosphere warms up?
Answer
(A)
It makes the polar ice caps to melt.
33
What does the text say about the effects of oxygen in the atmosphere?
Answer
(C)
It supports respiration and combustion.
34
What do scientists suggest may happen due to global warming?
Answer
A
B
C
35
What is the name given to the process of converting nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into usable compounds?
Answer
(B)
Nitrification
36
What are the main sources of pollutants in the atmosphere?
Answer
(B)
Industrial processes and burning fossil fuels.
37
What gas does the text mention as a cause for global warming?
Answer
(B)
Carbon Dioxide
38
Which metal is used for sacrificial protection of iron?
Answer
(B)
Zinc
39
What do the greenhouse gases prevent from doing?
Answer
(B)
The heat radiated from the Earth's surface from escaping.
40
In the context of the atmosphere, what does 'denitrification' refer to?
Answer
(A)
The process of converting nitrogen compounds into nitrogen gas.
41
Which of the following is true about Zinc in Galvanising ?
Answer
(B)
Zinc forms a coating and stops the water and oxygen from reaching the steel.
42
How is the rusting of steel prevented?
Answer
A
C
D
43
What process is responsible for converting nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into other nitrogen compounds?
Answer
(B)
Denitrification
44
Which gases are the primary sources for acid rain?
Answer
B
C
45
What type of reaction is rusting?
Answer
(B)
Oxidation
46
What is the main goal of water purification?
Answer
(A)
To make water pure enough for drinking.
47
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
Answer
(A)
Water
48
What are the main components of air?
Answer
A
B
C
49
What is a major greenhouse gas?
Answer
(B)
Methane
50
What would most likely happen if the protective zinc coating on an iron structure is scratched?
Answer
(C)
The zinc will corrode faster than the iron.