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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - Acids And Bases (Section 2)

1
In a titration, what is the titrant?
Answer
(A)
The solution of known concentration.
2
What type of oxide is formed when a metal reacts with oxygen?
Answer
(B)
Basic oxide
3
What is the relationship between pH and pOH?
Answer
(C)
pH + pOH = 14
4
What is the name of the reaction between an acid and an alkali?
Answer
(B)
Neutralization
5
What is the purpose of a standard solution in a titration?
Answer
(C)
To have a known concentration.
6
What is the range of pH values for acidic solutions?
Answer
(A)
0-7
7
What is the name given to the reaction between an acid and a metal?
Answer
(D)
Displacement
8
Which of the following best defines the term 'buffer capacity'?
Answer
(B)
The amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize before a significant pH change.
9
Which of the following is used to measure pH?
Answer
(B)
pH meter
10
Which of these indicators can be used to measure acidity?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
11
What is the relationship between the [H+] and [OH-] in pure water at 25°C?
Answer
(C)
[H+] = [OH-]
12
How do strong acids and strong bases compare in terms of dissociation in water?
Answer
(A)
Both completely dissociate.
13
Which of the following is/are property of a salt?
Answer
A
B
D
14
Which factor affects the strength of an acid or base?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
15
What happens to the pH of a solution if it is diluted?
Answer
(B)
The pH increases if it is a base, decreases if it is an acid
16
Which of the following oxides is acidic?
Answer
(B)
SO₂
17
Which of the following are properties of a base?
Answer
A
B
D
18
What are the products formed when an acid reacts with an alkali metal?
Answer
A
B
C
19
Which indicator is often used in acid-base titrations to determine when the reaction is complete?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
20
Which of the following is a conjugate base in the reaction: NH₃ + H₂O ⇌ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻?
Answer
(D)
OH⁻
21
What is the purpose of using a burette in a titration?
Answer
(C)
To add the titrant in a controlled manner.
22
What is the equivalence point in a titration?
Answer
(C)
The point where the acid and base have completely reacted.
23
Which of the following statements are true concerning the reaction of acid and base?
Answer
A
B
24
Which of the following is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?
Answer
(B)
HCl
25
Which of the following is a common indicator used in acid-base titrations?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
26
What happens to the pH of a solution when you add a base to it?
Answer
(A)
It increases.
27
Which of the following is a characteristic of a weak base?
Answer
(C)
It only partially dissociates in water.
28
Which compound, when dissolved in water, would produce a basic solution?
Answer
(C)
NH₃
29
What is the conjugate acid of ammonia (NH₃)?
Answer
(B)
NH₄⁺
30
Which compound is responsible for the sour taste of lemons?
Answer
(B)
Citric acid
31
What is the common ion effect?
Answer
(A)
The decrease in solubility of a sparingly soluble salt when a soluble salt containing a common ion is added to the solution.
32
Which of the following is a characteristic of an acidic solution?
Answer
(B)
Turns blue litmus paper red
33
Which of these oxides are amphoteric?
Answer
A
C
34
Which of the following statements about strong acids are true?
Answer
A
C
35
What would be the result of mixing a strong acid and a strong base?
Answer
(C)
A neutral solution
36
What is the conjugate acid of water (H₂O)?
Answer
(C)
H₃O+
37
If a solution turns blue litmus paper red, it is:
Answer
(A)
Acidic
38
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
Answer
(B)
7
39
Which of the following is a strong acid?
Answer
(C)
Hydrochloric acid
40
Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong base?
Answer
(B)
It completely dissociates in water.
41
Which of the following is/are a characteristic of an acid?
Answer
A
B
D
42
Which statement best describes an alkali?
Answer
(B)
A soluble base.
43
Which of the following is a base?
Answer
(B)
Sodium hydroxide
44
What is a Lewis acid?
Answer
(D)
An electron pair acceptor
45
Which of the following indicators would be most suitable to monitor the titration of a weak acid with a strong base?
Answer
(C)
Phenolphthalein
46
What is the hydronium ion?
Answer
(C)
H₃O⁺
47
Which of the following is formed when sulfuric acid reacts with zinc?
Answer
(B)
Zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas
48
Which of the following is an example of a weak base?
Answer
(C)
Ammonia (NH₃)
49
What is the significance of the equivalence point in a titration?
Answer
(B)
The point where equal moles of acid and base have reacted.
50
What is the key difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
Answer
(B)
Strong acids completely ionize in water.