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Essential Biochemistry - Protein Metabolism (Section 8)

1
Which of the following statements is true regarding the absorption of amino acids?
Answer
(C)
Absorption relies on specific transport proteins.
2
Which vitamin is required for the hydroxylation of phenylalanine to tyrosine?
Answer
(D)
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)
3
Which of the following is the precursor for synthesis of epinephrine?
Answer
(B)
Tyrosine
4
What is a key step in the degradation of tryptophan?
Answer
(B)
Formation of kynurenine
5
Which of the following amino acid is involved in the synthesis of carnitine?
Answer
(A)
Lysine
6
Which of the following amino acids is the precursor of thyroxine?
Answer
(B)
Tyrosine
7
Which of the following amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?
Answer
A
B
8
Which of the following is the primary function of histamine in the body?
Answer
(C)
Inflammation and allergic responses
9
Which amino acid is a component of glutathione?
Answer
(B)
Cysteine
10
What is the role of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)?
Answer
(A)
As a coenzyme in the hydroxylation of phenylalanine
11
What is the primary function of the enzyme pepsinogen?
Answer
(B)
Break down protein
12
Where does the majority of protein digestion and absorption take place?
Answer
(C)
Jejunum
13
Which of the following amino acids are essential?
Answer
A
B
C
14
Which of the following is converted to GABA?
Answer
(A)
Glutamate
15
Which enzyme is required to activate trypsinogen?
Answer
(B)
Enteropeptidase
16
What is the precursor to dopamine?
Answer
(C)
Tyrosine
17
Which of the following amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?
Answer
A
B
18
What is the role of 5-formyl-THF in one-carbon metabolism?
Answer
(A)
It is involved in the synthesis of purines
19
What is the major function of glutamine in the kidney?
Answer
(B)
Ammonia excretion
20
Which of the following amino acids yield pyruvate as a degradation product?
Answer
A
B
C
21
Which of the following is a source of one-carbon groups?
Answer
A
B
C
22
What are the two main products of the Urea cycle?
Answer
A
B
23
What is the primary role of cysteine in the body?
Answer
(B)
Detoxification of harmful compounds
24
Histidine is converted to histamine by:
Answer
(B)
Decarboxylation
25
Which molecules directly participate in the first step of the urea cycle?
Answer
A
B
D
26
Which of the following amino acids are ketogenic?
Answer
A
B
D
27
Where are the pancreatic enzymes secreted into?
Answer
(B)
Duodenum
28
Which of the following enzymes are involved in the digestion of protein in the small intestine?
Answer
A
B
C
29
Which metabolic pathway is primarily involved in the breakdown of tryptophan?
Answer
(B)
Kynurenine pathway
30
Which of the following products are made in the Urea cycle?
Answer
A
B
D
31
Which of the following enzymes are secreted by the pancreas?
Answer
B
D
32
Which of the following is a function of the urea cycle?
Answer
(A)
Detoxification of ammonia
33
What is the key factor that initiates pepsinogen activation?
Answer
(C)
Pepsin
34
Which of the following is/are a product(s) of the urea cycle?
Answer
(B)
Urea and ornithine
35
Which amino acids can be converted to pyruvate during catabolism?
Answer
A
B
C
36
What is the role of ornithine in the urea cycle?
Answer
(B)
Is an intermediate
37
Which of the following is a primary function of the urea cycle?
Answer
(B)
To detoxify ammonia
38
Which of the following are categorized as ketogenic amino acids?
Answer
A
B
39
Which of the following is true about serine synthesis?
Answer
(A)
It is synthesized from glycine.
40
Which of the following is synthesized from glutamate?
Answer
(B)
Proline
41
Which compound is required for the methylation of homocysteine to form methionine?
Answer
(B)
Vitamin B12
42
Which of the following is a symptom of maple syrup urine disease?
Answer
B
C
43
What is the role of HCl in the stomach during protein digestion?
Answer
(B)
Denaturation of proteins
44
Which type of nitrogen balance is observed during periods of growth?
Answer
(A)
Positive nitrogen balance
45
What is the function of histidine decarboxylase?
Answer
(B)
Synthesizes histamine
46
Which amino acid is involved in the synthesis of creatine?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
47
Which of the following is associated with Hartnup disease?
Answer
A
B
C
48
What is the source of ammonia in the urea cycle?
Answer
(A)
Amino acids
49
Which of the following enzymes is deficient in homocystinuria?
Answer
(A)
Cystathionine beta-synthase
50
Which of the following enzyme is secreted by mucosal cell?
Answer
(C)
Aminopeptidase