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Essential Biochemistry - Nutrition (Section 2)

1
Which of the following best describes a balanced diet?
Answer
(B)
One that provides adequate amounts of all the essential nutrients.
2
Which of the following is a characteristic of Kwashiorkor?
Answer
(B)
Severe protein deficiency
3
What is the recommended daily allowance for protein intake?
Answer
(A)
Varies depending on individual needs
4
What is the main function of essential fatty acids?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
5
Which of the following is a benefit of a high-fiber diet?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
6
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the diet?
Answer
(B)
To provide energy
7
Which of the following is essential for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins?
Answer
(B)
Fat
8
Which of the following are good sources of fiber?
Answer
A
B
D
9
What is an essential amino acid?
Answer
(C)
One that must be obtained from food
10
Which of the following is true regarding trans fats?
Answer
(A)
Increase the risk of heart disease
11
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is characterized by:
Answer
(B)
Deficiency in protein and energy
12
What does BMI stand for?
Answer
(B)
Body Mass Index
13
What type of fiber is known for its water-holding capacity?
Answer
(B)
Soluble fiber
14
What is the best way to increase BMR?
Answer
(B)
Increasing muscle mass
15
Which of the following are micronutrients?
Answer
(B)
Vitamins and minerals
16
What is the result of a positive nitrogen balance?
Answer
(C)
Body is gaining protein.
17
Nutrients are the essential components of food involved in:
Answer
(D)
All of the above
18
Which of the following are good sources of protein?
Answer
A
B
C
19
What are some common symptoms of Marasmus?
Answer
A
B
20
Which factor has the most influence on the development of obesity?
Answer
(C)
Eating habits
21
What condition is caused by a deficiency in both protein and calories?
Answer
(A)
Marasmus
22
Which dietary component is primarily responsible for providing energy?
Answer
(D)
Carbohydrates
23
What is the role of food labels?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
24
Which of the following is NOT a component of total energy expenditure?
Answer
(D)
Sleep duration
25
What is the role of insulin?
Answer
(B)
To transport glucose into cells
26
Which of the following increases BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)?
Answer
A
B
27
Which of the following factors are associated with the thermic effect of food?
Answer
A
B
C
28
What can an individual do to maintain or improve their health?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
29
Which of the following is not considered a component of the energy expenditure?
Answer
(D)
Sleep
30
Which of the following are forms of PEM?
Answer
A
B
31
What is an important concept for maintaining a healthy diet?
Answer
(C)
Consuming a variety of foods
32
Which of the following is a benefit of dietary fiber?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
33
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is affected by:
Answer
A
B
C
34
In which condition is there the highest need for protein intake?
Answer
(B)
Pregnancy
35
Which condition is related to obesity?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
36
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of dietary fiber?
Answer
(D)
Increased risk of constipation
37
How is the quality of a protein determined?
Answer
(C)
By its amino acid composition
38
What is the recommended daily allowance for sodium intake?
Answer
(C)
2300 mg (about 1 teaspoon)
39
What is the significance of nitrogen balance?
Answer
(B)
It indicates the state of protein metabolism.
40
What is the role of BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) in the body?
Answer
(A)
Energy expenditure at rest
41
What type of diet is recommended for patients suffering from diabetes?
Answer
(C)
Balanced diet with controlled carbohydrates
42
The recommended intake of fat should be around:
Answer
(B)
20-35%
43
Which of the following is NOT an effect of high fiber intake?
Answer
(C)
Increase in blood glucose
44
What is the primary function of the dietary fiber?
Answer
(B)
Help in digestion and bowel regularity
45
What is the term for the process of breaking down food into smaller components?
Answer
(B)
Digestion
46
Which of the following is a function of dietary fiber?
Answer
(B)
Help regulate blood sugar levels
47
Which of the following are benefits of fiber?
Answer
A
B
C
48
Which of the following is a factor that promotes obesity?
Answer
A
B
C
49
What condition is characterized by a severe protein deficiency?
Answer
(B)
Kwashiorkor
50
What are essential amino acids?
Answer
(A)
Amino acids the body can't synthesize