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Essential Biochemistry - Lipid Metabolism (Section 9)

1
What is the precursor for the synthesis of palmitate?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
2
Which enzyme is responsible for the final step of beta-oxidation, cleaving the fatty acyl-CoA?
Answer
(D)
Thiolase
3
Which of the following enzymes is directly involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols?
Answer
(B)
Acyltransferases
4
Which of the following are involved in beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
5
The triacylglycerol present in adipose tissue is hydrolyzed by:
Answer
(B)
Hormone sensitive lipase
6
What is the main function of fatty acid synthase?
Answer
(C)
To synthesize fatty acids.
7
What are some factors that increase the risk of atherosclerosis?
Answer
A
B
C
8
What is the main function of hormone-sensitive lipase?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolyzing triacylglycerols
9
Where is the enzyme for cholesterol synthesis found?
Answer
(C)
Endoplasmic reticulum
10
In what cellular compartment does fatty acid synthesis occur?
Answer
(B)
Cytosol
11
Which of the following is NOT a function of cholesterol?
Answer
(C)
Energy storage
12
Which of the following is a characteristic of VLDL?
Answer
(C)
Transports triglycerides from the liver
13
Satiety value of fat is due to which of the following hormone?
Answer
(D)
Enterogastron
14
Which enzyme is responsible for activating fatty acids by converting them to acyl-CoA?
Answer
(B)
Acyl-CoA synthetase
15
The following are the ketone bodies, except:
Answer
(A)
Acetoacetyl-CoA
16
Which one of the following transfers fatty acids from cytosol to mitochondria?
Answer
(A)
Carnitine
17
Ethanol is converted in the liver to:
Answer
(B)
Acetaldehyde
18
What is the role of VLDL?
Answer
(B)
Transporting triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues.
19
What is the function of carnitine in beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
It transports fatty acids into the mitochondria.
20
Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
It occurs in the cytoplasm and requires NADPH.
21
What is the function of LDL?
Answer
(C)
Transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues
22
During beta-oxidation, which molecules are produced in each cycle?
Answer
(C)
Acetyl-CoA, FADH2, and NADH
23
What is the main source of acetyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Glycolysis
24
What is the primary role of lipoprotein lipase in lipid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
To hydrolyze triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs
25
What is the role of Acetyl-CoA in lipid metabolism?
Answer
A
B
C
26
What is the role of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
It catalyzes the formation of malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA.
27
Which enzyme plays an important role in cholesterol synthesis and is inhibited by statins?
Answer
(A)
HMG-CoA reductase
28
Which hormone stimulates lipogenesis?
Answer
(A)
Insulin
29
Which of the following is a ketone body?
Answer
(B)
Acetoacetate
30
The risk of heart attack can be decreased by, except:
Answer
(B)
Lowered level of HDL
31
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the fatty acid synthase complex?
Answer
(A)
It is a multienzyme complex that carries out the synthesis of palmitate.
32
Which statements are true regarding fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
B
C
D
33
Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
34
Which of the following is a building block for phospholipids?
Answer
A
C
D
35
Which of the following are essential components of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
A
B
C
36
What is the role of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) in cholesterol metabolism?
Answer
(C)
Inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver
37
Which enzyme catalyzes the committed step of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
38
What is the source of all carbon atoms in cholesterol?
Answer
(C)
Acetyl-CoA
39
What is the function of HDL?
Answer
B
C
40
Which of the following is the precursor molecule for the synthesis of ketone bodies?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl-CoA
41
What is the function of lipoprotein lipase?
Answer
(A)
Hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDL
42
Where does the elongation of fatty acids occur?
Answer
(D)
Both in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
43
What is the role of carnitine in lipid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
Carries fatty acids into the mitochondria
44
What are the main products of beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH2
45
What is the main precursor for ketone body synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
46
What is the starting material for ketone body synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
47
Which of the following is true in fatty acid elongation?
Answer
A
B
D
48
What is the main function of lipoprotein lipase?
Answer
(B)
Breakdown of triglycerides in lipoproteins.
49
Which hormone is generally associated with promoting lipolysis?
Answer
(B)
Glucagon
50
Which enzyme hydrolyzes triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs?
Answer
(B)
Lipoprotein lipase