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Essential Biochemistry - Lipid Metabolism (Section 7)

1
Which of the following metabolic processes are stimulated by glucagon?
Answer
B
D
2
What is the cause of muscle weakness?
Answer
(C)
Both a and b
3
What is the nutritional therapy for fatty liver?
Answer
(A)
Low fat and high protein diet
4
Which of the following are true about fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
B
C
D
5
What is the precursor for ceramide synthesis?
Answer
(C)
Palmitoyl-CoA and serine
6
What is the main function of fatty acid synthase?
Answer
(B)
To synthesize fatty acids
7
Which molecule is the primary source of acetyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis in the cytosol?
Answer
(B)
Citrate
8
Which of the following is a key enzyme in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
9
Which of the following conditions favor ketogenesis?
Answer
A
D
10
Which one is not a risk factor for heart attack?
Answer
(D)
High HDL
11
Which enzyme plays a crucial role in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
12
Which of the following are the causes of hyperglycemia?
Answer
A
D
13
What is the main role of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
To transport fatty acids into the mitochondria.
14
What is the major source of ApoB-48?
Answer
(B)
Intestine
15
Which enzyme converts acetaldehyde to acetate?
Answer
(C)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
16
Where does fatty acid synthesis primarily take place in a cell?
Answer
(B)
Cytoplasm
17
What stimulates the production of ketone bodies?
Answer
(C)
Low insulin levels
18
Which lipoprotein is associated with the reverse transport of cholesterol?
Answer
(D)
HDL
19
What are the two main enzymes involved in the oxidation of ethanol?
Answer
(A)
ADH and ALDH
20
Which enzyme is the key regulatory enzyme in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
21
Which of the following is a product of beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
22
Which of the following increases blood level of HDL?
Answer
(B)
Exercise
23
Why LDL is called bad cholesterol?
Answer
(B)
It carries cholesterol from liver to tissues
24
NADPH, utilized for synthesis of fatty acid, can be generated from:
Answer
A
C
25
What are the components of a sphingolipid?
Answer
A
B
26
What conditions favor the synthesis of ketone bodies?
Answer
A
D
27
What are the key characteristics of ketogenesis?
Answer
A
B
D
28
The form in which dietary lipids are transported from intestinal mucosal cells is:
Answer
(B)
Chylomicrons
29
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
D
30
What molecules are produced during each cycle of beta-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH2
31
Which of the following is not a function of ketone bodies?
Answer
(B)
Accumulate in the blood and urine
32
Which of the following is a ketone body?
Answer
(B)
Acetoacetate
33
What is the role of carnitine in beta-oxidation?
Answer
(A)
It transports fatty acids into the mitochondria.
34
What is your probable diagnosis? (Referring to case history 5 in the image)
Answer
(D)
Hypercholesterolemia
35
What happens to cholesterol that is not used in cells?
Answer
(B)
It is excreted in bile.
36
Which of the following is a ketone body?
Answer
(B)
Acetoacetyl-CoA
37
Which lipid is a component of myelin?
Answer
(C)
Sphingomyelin
38
Which is the enzyme used in the treatment of alcoholism?
Answer
(D)
Disulfiram
39
Which molecule is formed by the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA?
Answer
(B)
Malonyl-CoA
40
What is the primary role of carnitine in beta-oxidation?
Answer
(A)
To transport fatty acids into the mitochondria
41
What is carnitine?
Answer
(C)
It transports fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane
42
What is the role of cholesterol in the body?
Answer
A
B
43
Which of the following lipids is a major component of myelin?
Answer
(C)
Sphingomyelin
44
What is the role of insulin in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism?
Answer
(C)
Stimulates fatty acid synthesis.
45
Which of the following factors promote the synthesis of cholesterol?
Answer
(B)
High levels of insulin
46
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lipoproteins?
Answer
(D)
Synthesized in the lysosomes
47
Name the precursors of cholesterol synthesis.
Answer
(D)
All of the above
48
Which of the following molecules is required for transporting long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix?
Answer
(B)
Carnitine
49
Which of the following is a characteristic of Niemann-Pick disease?
Answer
(B)
Accumulation of sphingomyelin
50
Which of the following is NOT a product of beta-oxidation?
Answer
(D)
Glucose