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Essential Biochemistry - Lipid Metabolism (Section 6)

1
Which of the following is a characteristic of Tay-Sachs disease?
Answer
(B)
Deficiency of hexosaminidase A
2
Which of the following pathways are primarily involved in the lipid metabolism?
Answer
A
B
D
3
What is the major product of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) action?
Answer
(B)
Acetaldehyde
4
What is the primary role of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase?
Answer
(A)
Hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs
5
Which of the following are ketone bodies?
Answer
A
B
6
Which molecule is a precursor for ketone body synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
7
Which of the following is a product of beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
8
Which of the following is/are major components of lipoproteins?
Answer
A
B
C
D
9
What is the role of carnitine acyltransferase I in fatty acid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
It transports fatty acids into the mitochondria.
10
What is the role of the enzyme acyl-CoA synthetase?
Answer
(B)
Activating fatty acids
11
Which of the following are utilized in beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
12
What is the main product of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Palmitate
13
What are the products of beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
14
Where does fatty acid elongation primarily occur?
Answer
(C)
Endoplasmic reticulum
15
Which enzyme is deficient in Gaucher disease?
Answer
(C)
Glucocerebrosidase
16
Which coenzyme is primarily involved in the transport of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Answer
(B)
Carnitine
17
What is the role of ATP in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Provides energy
18
What is the role of hormone-sensitive lipase?
Answer
(A)
Hydrolyzes triglycerides in adipose tissue.
19
Which metabolic pathway is primarily responsible for the synthesis of fatty acids?
Answer
(C)
Fatty acid synthesis
20
Which of the following factors promotes lipogenesis?
Answer
(A)
Increased NADH/NAD+ ratio
21
Which of the following is NOT required for the synthesis of fatty acids?
Answer
(D)
Glycerol
22
What are ketone bodies used as?
Answer
(A)
Energy source
23
Which of the following is required for the absorption of dietary fats?
Answer
(A)
Bile salts
24
What is the main substrate used for ketone body synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
25
Which of the following lipids are transported in the blood by lipoproteins?
Answer
A
B
C
26
What is the role of carnitine in the metabolism?
Answer
(A)
Fatty acid oxidation
27
The concentration of the following is inversely related to the risk of cardiovascular disease:
Answer
(A)
HDL
28
What is the role of malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
It provides the two-carbon units for chain elongation.
29
Which of the following is a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones?
Answer
(A)
Cholesterol
30
Which of the following statements about chylomicrons is correct?
Answer
(B)
They transport dietary triglycerides from the intestine.
31
What is the role of citrate in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
It transports acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria to the cytosol.
32
Which lipoprotein is involved in the transport of dietary cholesterol?
Answer
(A)
Chylomicrons
33
Which of the following is a potential result of increased NADH/NAD+ ratio due to excessive alcohol intake?
Answer
B
C
34
Which of the following are substrates for ketone body synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl-CoA
35
Which enzyme(s) is/are inhibited by glucagon?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
36
Where does β-oxidation of fatty acids occur?
Answer
(B)
Mitochondria
37
Which lipoprotein transports dietary triglycerides?
Answer
(A)
Chylomicrons
38
What is the normal serum cholesterol level?
Answer
(B)
150-200 mg/dL
39
Which molecule serves as the acyl carrier during fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acyl carrier protein (ACP)
40
What is the role of lipoprotein lipase?
Answer
(B)
To break down triglycerides in lipoproteins.
41
Which of the following is a major source of cholesterol in the body?
Answer
A
B
42
Which is an example of a lysosomal storage disease?
Answer
(A)
Tay-Sachs disease
43
Which molecules play a vital role in beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
44
Where does beta-oxidation of fatty acids primarily occur?
Answer
(B)
Mitochondria
45
Which of the following is/are produced during beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
46
What molecules are produced in each cycle of beta-oxidation?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl-CoA, NADH, FADH2
47
Which lipoproteins transport cholesterol?
Answer
C
D
48
What is your probable diagnosis?(Referring to the patient in case history 6)
Answer
(D)
All of the above
49
Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of fatty acids?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
50
Where does fatty acid beta-oxidation primarily take place?
Answer
(B)
Mitochondrial matrix