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Essential Biochemistry - Genetic Engineering (Section 2)

1
Which of the following is not an application of genetic engineering?
Answer
(D)
Development of new antibiotics
2
What is the role of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology?
Answer
(B)
Joining DNA fragments together.
3
What is the purpose of a selectable marker in a cloning vector?
Answer
(A)
To allow for the identification of cells that have taken up the vector.
4
What is the key advantage of using plasmids as cloning vectors?
Answer
(A)
They are small and easy to manipulate.
5
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique for
Answer
(A)
Amplification of DNA in vitro
6
Which of the following techniques is used to amplify DNA fragments?
Answer
(A)
PCR
7
What is the purpose of the extension step in PCR?
Answer
(C)
To synthesize new DNA strands.
8
Which of the following is NOT a common use of PCR?
Answer
(C)
Genetically modifying an organism
9
What is the role of a selectable marker in a cloning vector?
Answer
(B)
To allow for the identification of cells that have taken up the vector.
10
What is the function of a promoter in a cloning vector?
Answer
(A)
To signal the start of transcription.
11
What is the name of the process where foreign DNA is introduced into a bacterial cell?
Answer
(A)
Transformation
12
What is the primary difference between a genomic DNA library and a cDNA library?
Answer
(A)
Genomic libraries contain all DNA sequences, while cDNA libraries contain only coding sequences.
13
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cloning vector?
Answer
(D)
mRNA template
14
Which one of the following enzyme is required for PCR?
Answer
(B)
Taq polymerase
15
What is the role of ligase in recombinant DNA technology?
Answer
(C)
To join DNA fragments.
16
Which of the following is not a step in recombinant DNA technology?
Answer
(D)
Hybridization of the gene of interest with mRNA
17
What is the function of a probe in Southern blotting?
Answer
(B)
To identify a specific DNA sequence
18
Which of the following are key components in the process of creating recombinant DNA?
Answer
A
B
C
19
What type of analysis is used to detect the presence of specific DNA sequences in a sample?
Answer
(B)
Southern blotting
20
In genetic engineering, which of the following enzymes is used to join DNA fragments?
Answer
(B)
DNA ligase
21
The main purpose of using a cloning vector is to:
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
22
In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments move toward which electrode?
Answer
(A)
The positive electrode
23
What is the principle behind the use of RFLP analysis?
Answer
(A)
Differences in DNA sequence can lead to variations in the size of DNA fragments after digestion with restriction enzymes.
24
Which of the following is an example of a commonly used restriction enzyme?
Answer
(B)
EcoRI
25
Which of the following is used to cut DNA at specific locations?
Answer
(C)
Restriction enzyme
26
Which technique is used to analyze RNA molecules?
Answer
(B)
Northern blotting
27
Restriction endonuclease has the following characteristics, except:
Answer
(D)
Cut DNA randomly
28
What does cDNA stand for?
Answer
(C)
Complementary DNA
29
Most commonly used cloning vectors are
Answer
(D)
All of the above
30
What is the role of a vector in recombinant DNA technology?
Answer
A
C