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Essential Biochemistry - Chemistry Of Nucleic Acids (Section 1)

1
Which of the following bases is found in RNA but NOT in DNA?
Answer
(D)
Uracil
2
Which of the following is involved in the process of translation?
Answer
A
B
C
3
What are the three main types of RNA?
Answer
A
B
C
4
What are the two main classes of nitrogenous bases?
Answer
(B)
Purines and Pyrimidines
5
What is the primary function of a promoter region on a gene?
Answer
(A)
To signal the start of transcription.
6
Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleic acids?
Answer
(D)
Carrying out cellular metabolism
7
Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells?
Answer
(C)
Nucleus
8
Which of the following is the correct order of events in protein synthesis?
Answer
(C)
Transcription -> mRNA processing -> Translation
9
Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?
Answer
(D)
A fatty acid
10
What type of bonds hold the two strands of the DNA double helix together?
Answer
(C)
Hydrogen bonds
11
Which of the following is a function of ribosomes?
Answer
(C)
Translating mRNA into protein
12
What is the name of the process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA?
Answer
(C)
Transcription
13
In DNA, which base pairs with adenine?
Answer
(C)
Thymine
14
Which of the following are involved in the structure of a nucleotide?
Answer
A
B
D
15
Which of the following is a purine base?
Answer
(C)
Guanine
16
Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA?
Answer
(D)
dRNA
17
What is the role of the 5' cap on mRNA?
Answer
(B)
To protect the mRNA from degradation.
18
Which of the following statements is true about RNA?
Answer
(C)
RNA contains the base uracil instead of thymine.
19
What is the role of tRNA?
Answer
(B)
To bring amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
20
What type of bond connects the nitrogenous base to the pentose sugar in a nucleotide?
Answer
(B)
Glycosidic bond
21
Which of the following is a pyrimidine base found in DNA?
Answer
(C)
Thymine
22
What type of sugar is found in DNA?
Answer
(B)
Deoxyribose
23
Which of the following statements is true regarding the structure of DNA?
Answer
(D)
The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.
24
Which of the following is a characteristic of the DNA double helix?
Answer
B
C
D
25
Which molecule is responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome?
Answer
(C)
tRNA
26
What is a nucleosome?
Answer
(B)
DNA wrapped around histone proteins
27
What type of bond is formed between amino acids during protein synthesis?
Answer
(C)
Peptide bond
28
Which of the following are components of ribosomes?
Answer
A
B
29
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
Answer
(A)
To carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.
30
Which of the following is NOT a structural feature of a tRNA molecule?
Answer
(D)
Codon arm
31
In DNA, adenine always pairs with:
Answer
(C)
Thymine
32
Which of the following is a pyrimidine base?
Answer
(C)
Cytosine
33
Which of the following is(are) true regarding the organization of DNA?
Answer
A
B
D
34
What is the role of DNA in the cell?
Answer
(A)
To store genetic information
35
In a DNA double helix, the strands run:
Answer
(B)
Antiparallel
36
Which of the following molecules are components of ATP?
Answer
A
B
C
37
The backbone of DNA is formed by:
Answer
(B)
Phosphate groups and sugar molecules
38
Which of the following statements is true regarding DNA replication?
Answer
A
B
D
39
Which of the following is NOT a major type of RNA?
Answer
(D)
cRNA
40
Which of the following is an example of a modified base?
Answer
(C)
Inosine
41
What is the difference between deoxyribose and ribose?
Answer
(B)
Ribose has an extra oxygen atom
42
Which of the following statements best describes Chargaff's rules?
Answer
(B)
A=T and G=C
43
Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?
Answer
(B)
Enzyme catalysis
44
Which of the following is found in RNA but not DNA?
Answer
(D)
Uracil
45
What type of bonds hold the nitrogenous bases together in the DNA double helix?
Answer
(C)
Hydrogen bonds
46
Which of the following are components of a nucleotide?
Answer
A
B
C
47
What is the role of tRNA?
Answer
(B)
To bring amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis
48
What is the function of the 5' cap on mRNA?
Answer
(C)
To protect the mRNA from degradation and aid in ribosome binding
49
What type of bond links nucleotides in a DNA strand?
Answer
(D)
Phosphodiester bond
50
How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine?
Answer
(B)
Two