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Essential Biochemistry - Biological Oxidation (Section 2)

1
Where are the electron transport chain complexes located?
Answer
(B)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
2
What is the primary function of the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle?
Answer
(B)
To transport electrons from cytosolic NADH into the mitochondria using FADH2.
3
What is the role of ATP synthase?
Answer
(C)
To synthesize ATP
4
What is the main function of the electron transport chain?
Answer
(B)
To generate a proton gradient
5
Which of the following is a characteristic of the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle?
Answer
(A)
It transfers electrons from NADH to FAD, resulting in FADH2
6
All of the following statements are true regarding ETC, EXCEPT:
Answer
(C)
Cytochrome oxidase decline flow
7
Which of the following is an uncoupler?
Answer
(B)
Dinitrophenol
8
Which of the following vitamin is involved in ETC?
Answer
(C)
Riboflavin
9
What is the role of cytochrome c?
Answer
(B)
To transfer electrons from complex III to complex IV
10
Which of the following is NOT a component of the electron transport chain?
Answer
(C)
ATP synthase
11
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
Answer
(B)
Oxygen
12
Which complex catalyzes the reduction of oxygen?
Answer
(D)
Complex IV
13
Which of the following is a characteristic of substrate-level phosphorylation?
Answer
(B)
It directly generates ATP without the involvement of a proton gradient.
14
What is the main consequence of inhibiting the electron transport chain?
Answer
(B)
A buildup of NADH and FADH2
15
Which of the following statements accurately describes the chemiosmotic theory?
Answer
(C)
The synthesis of ATP is driven by the electrochemical gradient created by the pumping of protons.
16
What are the primary functions of the electron transport chain (ETC)?
Answer
A
B
C
17
In the context of oxidative phosphorylation, what is the significance of the P/O ratio?
Answer
(D)
It indicates the number of ATP molecules produced per molecule of NADH or FADH2 oxidized.
18
What is the P/O ratio?
Answer
(A)
The ratio of ATP molecules produced per oxygen atom consumed
19
How does the malate-aspartate shuttle contribute to ATP production?
Answer
(B)
By transporting NADH equivalents into the mitochondria, allowing for oxidative phosphorylation.
20
What is the main function of the malate-aspartate shuttle?
Answer
(B)
To transport electrons from NADH in the cytosol into the mitochondria
21
Respiratory chain is found in
Answer
(A)
Mitochondria
22
Which complex in the electron transport chain does NOT pump protons?
Answer
(B)
Complex II
23
Which one of the following respiratory chain components reacts directly with molecular oxygen?
Answer
(D)
Cytochrome a3
24
Energy currency of the cell is:
Answer
(D)
ATP
25
What is the primary function of ATP synthase?
Answer
(C)
To synthesize ATP using the proton gradient
26
What is the role of coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) in the electron transport chain?
Answer
(A)
Accepts electrons from complex II and passes them to complex III
27
Which of the following statements is incorrect about oxidative phosphorylation?
Answer
(C)
Inhibits electron transport but increases ATP synthesis
28
Which of the following is an example of a shuttle system mentioned in the context of NADH oxidation in mitochondria?
Answer
A
B
29
Which of the following molecules is a substrate for oxidative phosphorylation?
Answer
(C)
NADH
30
Where does the electron transport chain take place in the mitochondria?
Answer
(B)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
31
The oxidation and phosphorylation of intact mitochondria is blocked by:
Answer
(B)
Oligomycin
32
Which complex in the electron transport chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Answer
A
C
D
33
Which of the following is a characteristic of uncouplers?
Answer
(B)
Prevent proton gradient formation
34
A biochemically important example of a shuttle
Answer
(D)
All of the above
35
Which of the following is NOT a component of the electron transport chain?
Answer
(C)
ATP synthase
36
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
Answer
(A)
Oxygen
37
In oxidative phosphorylation, the oxidation of one molecule of NADH produces
Answer
(B)
3 ATP molecules
38
All of the following statements are true regarding electron transport, EXCEPT:
Answer
(C)
Cytochromes inhibit electron flow
39
In oxidative phosphorylation, the oxidation of one molecule of FADH2 produces
Answer
(B)
2 ATP molecules
40
Which of the following is an uncoupler?
Answer
(B)
Themrotrobin
41
What is the chemiosmotic theory?
Answer
(B)
The theory that electron transport drives the pumping of protons, creating a gradient used for ATP synthesis
42
Which of the following vitamin is involved in FMN?
Answer
(C)
Riboflavin
43
What are the components of the electron transport chain?
Answer
A
B
C
D
44
Which molecule is directly involved in substrate-level phosphorylation?
Answer
(C)
ATP
45
Which of the following enzymes is involved in biological oxidation?
Answer
A
B
D
46
Which of the following trace elements has role in ETC?
Answer
(D)
Iron
47
Which of the following is a type of electron carrier?
Answer
A
B
C
48
Enzyme that synthesizes ATP in oxidative phosphorylation is
Answer
(D)
ATP synthase