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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 9)

1
What is the benefit of multi-touch capability in touchscreens?
Answer
(B)
Allows more than one point of contact to be detected
2
Which device converts domain names into IP addresses?
Answer
(C)
DNS Server
3
Which of the following devices is commonly used for inputting data in a computer?
Answer
(C)
Keyboard
4
What do you call the method that is most often utilized to build 3D objects, layer by layer?
Answer
(A)
Additive manufacturing
5
What are some advantages of SSDs compared to HDDs?
Answer
A
B
D
6
What are the functions of primary memory?
Answer
(B)
Temporary storage of data and instructions that the CPU is currently using.
7
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Wi-Fi?
Answer
(C)
Requires physical cables.
8
Which of the following is/are true regarding MAC addresses?
Answer
A
B
C
9
What does the process of 'fusing' refer to in laser printing?
Answer
(C)
Melting the toner onto the paper.
10
Which of the following is a function of the modem?
Answer
(B)
Converting digital signals to analog signals for transmission over phone lines or cable.
11
What technology is used in flash memory?
Answer
(B)
Floating gate transistors
12
What best describes 'volatile memory'?
Answer
(C)
Memory that loses its data when the power is off.
13
What are the units used to measure the data transfer rate?
Answer
(A)
MBps or Gbps
14
What does the acronym 'HDMI' stand for?
Answer
(A)
High-Definition Multimedia Interface
15
Which part of the 3D printing process involves converting the digital design into a series of instructions the printer can understand?
Answer
(B)
Slicing
16
What type of output device converts digital data to sound?
Answer
(C)
Speaker
17
What is the function of the gas valve in a central heating system controlled by a microprocessor?
Answer
(B)
To regulate the flow of gas to the heater.
18
In a chemical process control system, what is the function of the DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)?
Answer
(B)
To convert digital signals from the computer into analog signals for the valves and heaters.
19
What is the purpose of an opcode in a CPU instruction?
Answer
(B)
To specify the operation to be performed.
20
How does a laser printer create an image?
Answer
(B)
By melting toner onto the paper.
21
Which of the following is true about the relationship between the address bus and memory capacity?
Answer
(C)
The wider the address bus, the larger the memory capacity.
22
Which of the following technologies uses a shorter wavelength laser than a DVD?
Answer
(C)
Blu-ray
23
In a barcode system, what happens after a barcode is scanned at the checkout?
Answer
(C)
The barcode reader looks up the stock item in the database.
24
What technology is primarily used in 3D scanners to capture object information?
Answer
(C)
Laser light
25
Which of the following is a characteristic of dynamic RAM (DRAM)?
Answer
(C)
Requires constant refreshing.
26
Which type of memory is the fastest and most expensive per gigabyte?
Answer
(B)
SRAM
27
In the context of network hardware, what is a 'hub'?
Answer
(B)
A device that connects multiple devices on a network and broadcasts all traffic to all connected devices.
28
In a central heating system, the sensor measures what?
Answer
(C)
Room temperature.
29
In an ABS system, how does it prevent wheel lock-up?
Answer
(B)
By reducing braking pressure to individual wheels.
30
What happens when the light sensor indicates darkness in the street lighting system?
Answer
(B)
The microprocessor turns the lamp on.
31
What is the key characteristic of an optical mouse compared to a mechanical mouse?
Answer
(B)
No moving parts.
32
Which kind of devices use actuators?
Answer
(C)
A printer.
33
What type of memory retains its data even when the power is turned off?
Answer
(C)
ROM
34
What is the purpose of cache memory?
Answer
(B)
To provide a faster access to frequently used data.
35
What is the function of the charging roller or wire in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To charge the photosensitive drum
36
What are the stages involved in printing a document using an ink-jet printer?
Answer
A
B
C
37
What is the primary function of an embedded system?
Answer
(B)
To perform a specific task or set of tasks.
38
Which printer technology relies on heat and a fuser unit?
Answer
(B)
Laser printer
39
In the context of chemical process control, the DAC converts what type of signal?
Answer
(B)
Digital to analog
40
In an HDD, what is the purpose of sectors and tracks?
Answer
(B)
To organize data on the platter.
41
What type of signal does the microphone output to a computer?
Answer
(A)
An electric current.
42
What are the primary stages that occur during the printing process of an Ink-Jet printer?
Answer
A
B
C
D
43
In a typical security system, which type of sensor is designed to pick up the sound of a broken window?
Answer
(A)
Acoustic sensor
44
Which of the following are examples of primary memory?
Answer
A
C
45
What is the storage capacity of a standard Blu-ray disc (single layer)?
Answer
(B)
25 GB
46
What are the two main components of the operand and opcode?
Answer
(D)
Data and address
47
What is 'additive manufacturing' and how is it used in 3D printing?
Answer
(B)
A process that adds material layer by layer to create an object.
48
Where are barcodes most commonly found?
Answer
(B)
At the checkout in supermarkets.
49
Which of the following statements about the components of a CPU is true?
Answer
(A)
The ALU performs all arithmetic and logical operations.
50
What does 'volatile memory' mean in the context of computer storage?
Answer
(B)
It requires constant power to retain data.