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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 7)

1
What is the purpose of the three large squares on the corners of a QR code?
Answer
(C)
To assist the camera to correctly read the QR code.
2
What type of device is used to produce sound in a computer system?
Answer
(C)
Loudspeaker
3
What are two advantages of using a wireless network over a wired network?
Answer
A
C
4
What is the role of the Data Bus?
Answer
(A)
To transmit data between the CPU, memory, and I/O devices.
5
What is a function of the Read-Only Memory (ROM)?
Answer
(C)
Boot-up instructions
6
In a resistive touchscreen, how is the touch position determined?
Answer
(A)
By sensing the change in electrical resistance when the screen is touched.
7
Which component of a flash memory cell actually stores the data?
Answer
(B)
The floating gate.
8
What is a major downside of using CD-RWs?
Answer
(D)
Have a limited number of write cycles.
9
What does the text describe as an input to the embedded system that controls lights in the office?
Answer
(B)
The brightness of the natural light.
10
What is the purpose of using a CMOS in an optical mouse?
Answer
(C)
To read and process the reflected light.
11
In a chemical process, the computer is controlling the operation of:
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
12
What is the role of a 'printer driver' in the printing process?
Answer
(C)
Translating the document into a language the printer understands.
13
What function does a microphone perform?
Answer
(A)
Converts sound waves into an electrical current.
14
What is the function of the fuser unit in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To melt the toner onto the paper.
15
What type of device is used to detect changes in air pressure?
Answer
(B)
Pressure Sensor
16
What element is present in a capacitive touchscreen but not a resistive touchscreen?
Answer
(C)
A layer of conductive material
17
Which is a characteristic of an LCD projector that is NOT present in a DLP projector?
Answer
(C)
Use of LCD panels to create the image
18
In the context of cloud computing, what is 'vendor lock-in'?
Answer
(B)
The reliance on a single cloud provider.
19
What does the term 'sensors' refer to in the context of input and output devices?
Answer
(A)
Devices that read or measure physical properties from their surroundings.
20
What is a disadvantage of embedded systems?
Answer
(C)
They are dedicated to a specific task.
21
What does 'disk fragmentation' mean?
Answer
(B)
The scattering of parts of a file across different areas of the hard drive.
22
What is a primary function of a router?
Answer
(C)
Forwarding data packets between networks.
23
What type of touchscreen technology relies on the change in electric charge when touched?
Answer
(C)
Capacitive
24
What are some key advantages that SSDs offer over HDDs?
Answer
A
C
25
What type of data does the text mention is frequently used by washing machines controlled by an embedded system?
Answer
(D)
White goods data
26
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using Wi-Fi?
Answer
(C)
Potential for reduced security.
27
In the street lighting system, what component converts the light sensor's reading into a format the microprocessor can understand?
Answer
(B)
The ADC.
28
What determines the storage capacity of an optical disc?
Answer
(B)
The wavelength of the laser used to read and write data.
29
What type of memory is typically used to store the operating system's boot instructions?
Answer
(D)
ROM
30
Which components are used in a flash memory cell structure?
Answer
(A)
Transistors, a dielectric layer, a floating gate, and a control gate.
31
In a resistive touchscreen, what happens when you press the screen?
Answer
(C)
The resistance changes.
32
In a typical 3D printing process, what happens immediately *after* the design of an object is created?
Answer
(B)
The design is converted into a format for the printer.
33
What best describes the operation of OCR software?
Answer
(B)
To recognize letters in the image.
34
What best describes the function of a fuser unit?
Answer
(B)
The fuser unit is used to melt the toner.
35
What is a primary function of the switch?
Answer
(A)
Connecting multiple devices in the same network.
36
What is the function of the 'floating gate' in a flash memory cell?
Answer
(C)
To store the electrical charge that represents a bit of data.
37
What type of touchscreen uses an array of sensors and infrared transmitters to detect touch?
Answer
(C)
Infrared touchscreens
38
Which technology utilizes a red laser to read and write data?
Answer
(B)
CD
39
What determines the time it takes to access data on an HDD?
Answer
A
B
40
What is the main function of the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) in a car?
Answer
(B)
To prevent the wheels from locking up during braking.
41
What does an ADC convert?
Answer
(B)
Analog to digital signals.
42
What is a major difference between a DVD and a Blu-ray disc related to storage capacity?
Answer
(B)
Blu-ray has a higher storage capacity than DVD.
43
What is the role of the laser in a CD or DVD drive?
Answer
(B)
To read and write data to the disc.
44
What type of system has an embedded system to set and deactivate a security code?
Answer
(B)
Security systems.
45
What is a 'MAC address' primarily used for?
Answer
(B)
Identifying devices on a local network.
46
What is the primary function of a microprocessor in an ABS system?
Answer
(B)
To monitor the speed of each wheel.
47
Which type of memory uses the floating gate transistor?
Answer
(D)
Flash memory
48
In a laser printer, which component is involved in applying the toner to the paper?
Answer
(C)
The drum
49
Which of the following is/are considered benefits of embedded systems?
Answer
A
C
D
50
In a loudspeaker, what component's movement creates sound waves?
Answer
(C)
The cone