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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 3)

1
Which of the following is an advantage of Solid State Drives (SSDs)?
Answer
(D)
No moving parts
2
What does the ABS system do when a wheel locks up during braking?
Answer
(B)
Releases braking pressure to the locked wheel.
3
What are the key components in a digital camera to create a digital image? (Select all that apply)
Answer
A
B
C
4
What technology is typically used to recognize a human face?
Answer
(B)
Facial recognition software.
5
What is an advantage of SRAM over DRAM?
Answer
(C)
Faster access speeds.
6
Which of the following is an example of non-volatile memory?
Answer
(C)
ROM
7
What type of sensor does an optical mouse use to detect movement?
Answer
(A)
CMOS
8
How does the wavelength of the laser beam used in Blu-ray discs compare to that used in DVDs?
Answer
(B)
Blu-ray uses a shorter wavelength laser.
9
What does the term 'write endurance' refer to in the context of flash memory?
Answer
(C)
The maximum number of write cycles a memory cell can handle.
10
Which component within a microphone is responsible for the creation of the electrical signal?
Answer
(C)
The diaphragm
11
In a laser printer, what is the role of the photosensitive drum?
Answer
(C)
To build a static image on its surface to attract toner particles.
12
What is the main function of the read/write head in a hard disk drive (HDD)?
Answer
(C)
To read and write data to the platters.
13
What is the primary unit of measurement for data transfer rates?
Answer
(B)
MBps
14
In a hard disk drive, what are the platters coated with?
Answer
(B)
Magnetic material.
15
In a chemical process control system, the DAC is used to:
Answer
(B)
Convert digital signals to analog signals.
16
What is the primary function of a printer driver?
Answer
(A)
To convert the data from the document into a format the printer can understand.
17
Which component in the inkjet printer is used to propel ink onto the paper?
Answer
(B)
Print head.
18
What type of scanner generates three-dimensional images?
Answer
(B)
3D Scanner.
19
What is the main difference between LCD and OLED displays in terms of how they produce an image?
Answer
(A)
LCDs use backlighting, while OLEDs do not.
20
What type of system uses the keypad as an input?
Answer
(C)
Security systems.
21
In laser printing, what is the 'transfer' stage responsible for?
Answer
(D)
Moving the toner from the drum to the paper.
22
In the context of a digital camera, what does 'dpi' stand for?
Answer
(C)
Dots per inch.
23
What does the term 'clock speed' refer to in the context of a CPU?
Answer
(C)
The rate at which the CPU executes instructions.
24
What is the primary function of the light sensor in a street lighting system?
Answer
(B)
To detect the time of day.
25
What is the potential issue with using flash memory (SSDs) in terms of data write operations?
Answer
(C)
Limited write cycles.
26
What device is typically used to create a wireless network?
Answer
(B)
A router
27
What component converts electrical signals into sound waves in a computer's output system?
Answer
(C)
The Speaker
28
In a greenhouse environment control system, what signal does the computer send if the humidity level is below the pre-set value?
Answer
(B)
A signal to spray water into the air.
29
What are the two main types of primary memory?
Answer
(C)
RAM and ROM.
30
What is the difference between the MAC address and the IP address?
Answer
(A)
The MAC address is a unique hardware address, while the IP address is used for network communication.
31
What component is used to produce sound in the given image?
Answer
(C)
A speaker
32
What does the term 'volatile memory' refer to?
Answer
(C)
Memory that loses its data when power is removed.
33
What is the main purpose of the ALU?
Answer
(B)
To perform arithmetic and logical operations.
34
In a chemical process, what action would a DAC take?
Answer
(B)
Convert a digital signal from the computer to an analog signal.
35
What is the main difference between a switch and a hub?
Answer
(B)
A switch transmits data to the intended recipient only, while a hub broadcasts to all connected devices.
36
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of an optical mouse compared to a mechanical mouse?
Answer
(D)
Doesn't need a special surface.
37
What are the three main components of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
Answer
(B)
Fetch, Decode, Execute
38
What are the potential risks associated with using cloud storage?
Answer
A
B
D
39
In the context of virtual memory, what is a 'page'?
Answer
(B)
A fixed-length contiguous block of data used in virtual memory systems.
40
Which of the following is a key characteristic of solid-state drives (SSDs) that makes them different from Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)?
Answer
(D)
SSDs have no moving parts, while HDDs do.
41
What is the role of the 'floating gate' in a flash memory cell?
Answer
(B)
To store the electrical charge that represents a bit.
42
Which of the following factors are used by facial recognition software?
Answer
A
B
C
43
What is the primary goal of the 'fetch' stage in the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
Answer
(C)
To retrieve the instruction from memory.
44
What is one of the applications of an embedded system within the context of this document?
Answer
(A)
Television programming.
45
What type of memory is typically used to store the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) or firmware in a computer?
Answer
(C)
ROM
46
In the context of networking, what does 'IPv6' refer to?
Answer
(C)
The latest version of the Internet Protocol.
47
Which of the following is the most significant advantage of using a static IP address?
Answer
(D)
Remains constant, making it easier to access a device remotely.
48
What are the main benefits of SSDs compared to traditional HDDs?
Answer
A
B
D
49
What process happens during the transformation of sound into digital data via a microphone?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
50
Which of the following best describes the main purpose of an SSD?
Answer
(A)
Provide a fast, non-volatile storage solution.