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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 28)

1
In the context of an anti-lock braking system (ABS), what does the microprocessor use the wheel speed sensors for?
Answer
(C)
To detect when a wheel is about to lock up.
2
Which component in a laser printer contains the toner?
Answer
(C)
The toner cartridge
3
What is the name of the technology used to create ink bubbles in inkjet printers?
Answer
(B)
Thermal bubble
4
What type of display technology uses tiny light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce images?
Answer
(C)
LED
5
What is the role of a 'voice coil' in a loudspeaker?
Answer
(B)
To convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
6
Which part of an inkjet printer contains the ink cartridges?
Answer
(B)
The print head.
7
What is the function of a modem?
Answer
(C)
To convert digital signals to analog signals and vice versa.
8
What is the purpose of input/output devices?
Answer
A
B
9
How does the operating system use the hard drive when virtual memory is enabled?
Answer
(B)
To extend RAM.
10
What is the purpose of a firewall in a computer network?
Answer
(B)
To filter network traffic and protect against unauthorized access.
11
What is the name of the storage technology that uses flash memory and has no moving parts?
Answer
(C)
SSD
12
What is an advantage of having more than one layer for data storage in optical discs?
Answer
(B)
Increases the storage capacity.
13
What is a MAC address?
Answer
(B)
An address assigned to a device's network interface.
14
What action is taken if the pressure is too high in the reactor described in the text?
Answer
(B)
The gas pump is approved.
15
Which type of mouse is considered more reliable?
Answer
(A)
Optical Mouse
16
In the car example of an embedded system, what is the purpose of a Solid State Device (SSD)?
Answer
(B)
To store television programs
17
In a digital camera, what is used to focus light into a viewable image?
Answer
(C)
The lens.
18
Which of the following is an example of a physical network component?
Answer
(C)
Router
19
What is the effect of having a fragmented hard drive?
Answer
(B)
Slower access to data.
20
What are some common examples of embedded systems?
Answer
(B)
Washing machines, GPS devices, and digital cameras.
21
What is an advantage of an infrared touchscreen?
Answer
(D)
It is not affected by scratches.
22
Which of these statements is true about ROM?
Answer
(C)
It is used for storing the operating system and BIOS.
23
What is the output format of 2D scanners?
Answer
(C)
Electronic form
24
How does the control gate influence the storage of data in flash memory?
Answer
(B)
It controls the flow of electrons to the floating gate.
25
In the context of networking, what is a LAN?
Answer
(B)
Local Area Network
26
What is an advantage of using barcodes over manually entering product codes?
Answer
(B)
Faster checkout queues.
27
What is the main function of the Data Bus?
Answer
(B)
To transfer data between the CPU and memory.
28
Which of the following is a potential drawback of overclocking?
Answer
A
B
29
What does the acronym SSD stand for in the context of computer storage?
Answer
(A)
Solid State Drive
30
In a remote control, which memory type is often used to store factory settings such as remote control frequencies?
Answer
(D)
ROM
31
What is the key benefit of a dual-layer Blu-ray disc over a single-layer version?
Answer
(B)
Increased Storage Capacity
32
What is the use of an ergonomic keyboard?
Answer
(B)
Reduce wrist pain.
33
Which component of a laser printer is responsible for creating the electrostatic image on the paper?
Answer
(B)
The laser
34
Which of the following is a benefit of using an LED screen over an LCD screen?
Answer
(B)
Lower power consumption.
35
What is the purpose of the instruction set?
Answer
(B)
To define the commands that the CPU can understand and execute.
36
What is the purpose of a barcode?
Answer
(B)
To identify the product and stock information.
37
What is rotational latency in the context of an HDD?
Answer
(C)
The time it takes for the desired sector to rotate under the read/write head.
38
What is a characteristic of embedded systems?
Answer
B
D
39
What are some key advantages of OLED screens compared to LCD screens?
Answer
A
B
D
40
What is a benefit of using a fiber optic cable?
Answer
(C)
Higher bandwidth
41
Which of the following is NOT a function of a typical router?
Answer
(D)
Providing a power supply to devices.
42
What is a major benefit of a dual-layer optical disc (e.g., DVD or Blu-ray) compared to a single-layer disc?
Answer
(B)
Greater storage capacity.
43
In a laser printer, what type of technology is used to spray droplets of ink?
Answer
(C)
Nozzles that spray ink
44
What is the process used to produce ink droplets in a thermal bubble inkjet printer?
Answer
(C)
Ink is heated, forming a bubble which expels the ink.
45
What is meant by 'bus width' in a computer system?
Answer
(B)
The number of wires in a bus.
46
In the context of a car's anti-lock braking system (ABS), a magnetic field sensor is used to:
Answer
(B)
Detect the rotation speed of each wheel.
47
In a digital camera, what do the cells (image sensors) do?
Answer
(C)
Capture light.
48
Which component coordinates all operations within the CPU?
Answer
(B)
Control Unit
49
Which type of printer is best suited for printing high-quality photographs?
Answer
(B)
Inkjet printer
50
Which devices utilize Embedded Systems?
Answer
A
B
D