Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 27)
1
In the context of embedded systems in a car, which of the following functions is NOT typically handled by an embedded system?
Answer
(D)
Providing weather updates via satellite communication
2
What does the MAC address uniquely identify?
Answer
(D)
A network interface.
3
What is a common use of coaxial cable?
Answer
(B)
Connecting to the internet via cable modem
4
Which of the following is NOT a key component of a typical laser printer?
Answer
(B)
Ink cartridge
5
Which steps are involved when producing sound from digital data through a loudspeaker?
Answer
A
B
D
6
What is the function of the red light-emitting diode (LED) in an optical mouse?
Answer
(B)
To illuminate the surface.
7
What is the main advantage of using flash memory in SSDs compared to traditional HDDs?
Answer
(A)
Lower power consumption and faster access times.
8
Which of the following describes a characteristic of a static IP address?
Answer
(C)
Does not change unless manually changed.
9
What is the function of the actuator arm in an HDD?
Answer
(B)
To position the read/write heads.
10
Which component is responsible for converting the signal from the cable (e.g. coaxial or fiber optic) to a signal that computers can understand?
Answer
(C)
Modem
11
In the greenhouse control example, the computer receives a signal if the humidity falls below a pre-set value. What is the computer likely to do in response?
Answer
(C)
Spray water to increase humidity.
12
After light passes through the lens of a digital camera, what is the next step in image creation?
Answer
(B)
The light hits the image sensor.
13
Which of these are applications for sensors?
Answer
A
B
C
14
In the Von Neumann architecture, what is the primary function of the Control Unit?
Answer
(C)
To fetch instructions from memory and direct operations.
15
Which part of the keyboard helps to identify a character and send it to the CPU?
Answer
(A)
The membrane or circuit board.
16
What type of device is used to record and output data for the vending machine?
Answer
(B)
An LED display
17
When referring to a network interface, what is a MAC address primarily used for?
Answer
(B)
Uniquely identifying a device on a local network.
18
In an embedded system, which of the following is NOT a typical component?
Answer
(D)
A graphical user interface (GUI).
19
What is a key difference between IPv4 and IPv6 in terms of address length?
Answer
(C)
IPv6 uses longer addresses.
20
What do the 3D coordinates from a 3D scanner represent?
Answer
(D)
The location of a series of points.
21
Which component is primarily responsible for storing the operating system when a computer is turned off?
Answer
(D)
Hard Drive
22
What does SSD stand for?
Answer
(A)
Solid State Drive
23
In face recognition software, how is each face often analyzed?
Answer
(B)
By comparing two digital images using face recognition software.
24
What is the primary function of a microphone diaphragm?
Answer
(C)
To vibrate in response to sound waves.
25
Which component in an HDD is responsible for reading and writing data?
Answer
(C)
Read/write head
26
Which of the following statements best describes the function of a router?
Answer
(C)
Connects different networks and forwards data packets.
27
What is the function of a switch in a local area network (LAN)?
Answer
(C)
To connect devices and forward data packets based on MAC addresses.
28
Which step in laser printing prepares the drum to receive the toner?
Answer
(C)
Applying a uniform charge to the drum
29
What is a key function of a computer within a greenhouse environment control system?
Answer
(C)
To monitor and adjust the greenhouse environment.
30
What is the primary advantage of solid-state drives (SSDs) over Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) in terms of performance?
Answer
(C)
SSDs have significantly faster access times.
31
What are some examples of storage devices used to provide virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
SSD/HDD
32
Which of the following protocols is used by DHCP to automatically assign IP addresses?
Answer
(C)
DHCP
33
In the context of computer memory, what does the acronym 'MAR' stand for?
Answer
(B)
Memory Address Register
34
What is meant by rotational latency in an HDD?
Answer
(C)
The time it takes for the desired sector to rotate under the read/write head.
35
What kind of signals does the amplifier use to drive the loudspeaker?
Answer
(B)
Analog signals
36
Which of the following storage media uses a shorter wavelength light to achieve higher storage density?
Answer
(C)
Blu-ray
37
What component in a loudspeaker vibrates in response to electrical signals, creating sound waves?
Answer
(C)
The cone
38
What are the key differences between SRAM and DRAM?
Answer
(C)
SRAM is faster and more expensive than DRAM.
39
What is a key characteristic that distinguishes DVD-Rs from DVD+Rs?
Answer
(B)
The way the data is written.
40
What happens after a sound goes to a microphone?
Answer
(B)
The sound is converted to an electrical current.
41
What is the function of the print head in an inkjet printer?
Answer
(B)
To spray the ink droplets onto the paper.
42
What is an advantage of embedded systems being dedicated to a specific task?
Answer
(B)
They can be more energy-efficient and optimized for that task.
43
What type of memory is commonly used to store the operating system and applications when the computer is turned on?
Answer
(C)
RAM
44
What are the inputs of the embedded system within the vending machine?
Answer
A
B
D
45
Which device is primarily used to convert a digital signal into an analog signal in an audio system?
Answer
(C)
DAC
46
Which of the following is an advantage of using an SSD over a traditional HDD?
Answer
(C)
Faster data access times.
47
Which type of memory is used for the temporary storage of data and instructions that the CPU needs to access quickly?
Answer
(C)
RAM
48
What is the primary difference between a hard disk drive (HDD) and a solid-state drive (SSD) regarding data storage?
Answer
(C)
HDDs use magnetic platters, while SSDs use flash memory.
49
What is a significant advantage of SSDs (Solid State Drives) over HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) in terms of performance?
Answer
(C)
Faster access times.
50
Which of the following best describes a static IP address?
Answer
(C)
An address manually configured and does not change unless updated.
